CMN E2 -Therapies pt. 2

What are the tenets of manual therapy?

- The body is a unit

- Structure & function are interrelated

- Body has an inherent ability to heal itself

- Disease may ensue when normal adaptations are interrupted

What is Manual therapy?

use of physical force applied to the body to correct abnormal or inefficient motion seeking to optimize the interplay between the nervous and MSK systems to improve physical functioning

What is the most common SE of manual therapy?

Local discomfort

Spinal manipulation is a type of what therapy?

Manual therapy

What are contraindications to spinal manipulation?

osteoporosis, sx of nerve damage, hx of spinal surgery, CVA due to carotid vascular disease

What type of therapy focuses attention on the intention to heal through the "laying on of hands"?

Osteopathy

What is osteopathy?

concept of "vital energy" and belief in "drugless healing"

*many medicines at this time were toxic

Andrew Still developed an emphasis on what kind of osteopathy?

Spine mobilization

What is holism?

all body systems are interconnected structurally and phsyically

What did Still believe in?

holism, homeostasis, body’s ability to repair itself

What model established educational parity for osteopathy?

Flexner Model of Medical Education

When did DOs become mainstreamed into modern medicine?

after WW II

What is osteopathy today?

combo of allopathic medicine w/ spinal manipulation, proper posture, & body positioning

What are trigger points?

tender taut areas (knots) in muscle that produce local and referred pain

Trigger points result from what 3 mechanisms?

- Neuro: proprioceptive-movement, response to acute muscle strain/injury

- Neuro: nociceptive-sensory, response to visceral disease or persistent injury from lack of tx

- Reflex response from anxiety or pain

What osteopathic technique produces a hallmark "pop" sound?

High velocity low amplitude

What osteopathic technique moves a muscle spasm into a position that shortens the muscle (counter-strain) and holds it for 90-120 seconds, then slowly returns to original position?

Strain counter strain

What osteopathic technique gently stretches the muscle to interrupt the reflex spasm loop?

Strain (direct)

What osteopathic technique causes muscle relaxation, breaking of fascial adhesions or fascial realignment?

Myofascial release

What osteopathic technique is used primarily on kids and relieves tension by gentle pressure on scalp?

Cranial osteopathy

What osteopathic technique uses passive ROM?

Articulatory technique

What is the theory of chiropractic therapy?

"One cause, one cure" which postulates all disease is due to vertebral subluxations

What is one of the MCC of nervous system disruptions?

subluxation -joints are lock up, fixated, not moving properly

What does chiropractic care include?

gentle massage, manipulation of spine & extremities to restore proper function and strengthen supporting muscles and soft tissue

What is the goal of chiropractic therapy?

restore spinal movement thereby improving function, dec back pain

According to the NCCIH, what was the most common complementary therapy used to treat low back pain?

chiropractic therapy

Which type of the provider is NOT licensed in all 50 states?

Naturopathic (ND)

Which type of provider is NOT allowed to write drug prescriptions in ALL states?

Chiropractic (DC)

Which type of providers have LIMITED drug prescription abilities in some states?

Naturopathic (ND)

What is the ultimate goal of physical therapy?

restore maximal functional independence to each individual patient

What is occupational therapy?

use of treatments to develop, recover, or maintain the daily living and work skills of patients with a physical, mental, or developmental condition

What type of perspective do OT practitioners have?

Holistic -focus is on adapting the environment to fit the person, and the person is an integral part of the therapy team