The CNS and PNS

Components of CNS

Brain and spinal cord

Two nervous systems in the PNS

Somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system

What does the autonomic nervous system consist of

Sympathetic nervous system

and

Parasympathetic nervous system

What does the somatic nervous system control?

Voluntary responses

What neurons are found in the Somatic nervous system

Sensory neuron and motor neuron

What is a neuron

A specialised cell of the nervous system

What effect does the sympathetic nervous system/noradrenaline have on heart rate and breathing rate

It increases them

What effect does the sympathetic nervous system/noradrenaline have on intestinal secretions and peristalsis

It decreases them

Explain the importance of increased heart rate during exercise.

Increases blood flow to muscles/the body/cells.

Or

Increases glucose/oxygen to muscles/cells.

Or

Increases glucose/oxygen for respiration.

Explain the importance of vasoconstriction of arteries in the small intestine during exercise.

Decreases blood flow to small intestine/digestive system/gut.

Or

Increases blood flow to skeletal/working/exercising muscles.

What effect does the parasympathetic nervous system/acetylcholine have on heart rate and breathing rate

It decreases them

What effect does the parasympathetic nervous system/acetylcholine have on intestinal secretions and peristalsis

It increases them

What type of response is the sympathetic nervous system in control of

Fight or flight

What type of response is the parasympathetic nervous system in control of

Rest and digest

What do sensory neurons do

Take impulses from sense organs to the CNS

What do motor neurons do

Take impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands

What neurotransmitter is linked to the sympathetic nervous system?

Noradrenaline

What neurotransmitter is linked to the parasympathetic nervous system?

Acetocholine