ETHICS [GNED02] - ASIAN MORAL CHARACTER/BEHAVIOR

Asian Moral Character/Behavior

• Prioritizes group needs over individual needs

• Values modesty, humility, and generosity

• Emphasizes sharing and helping those in need

• Influenced by Confucianism, emphasizing social hierarchy, duty, and harmony

Prioritizes group needs over individual needs

Asian Moral Character/Behavior

Values modesty, humility, and generosity

Asian Moral Character/Behavior

Emphasizes sharing and helping those in need

Asian Moral Character/Behavior

Influenced by Confucianism, emphasizing social hierarchy, duty, and harmony

Asian Moral Character/Behavior

East Asian traits

• Lack of “personality” due to emphasis on social propriety (Li)

• Lack of principled moral thinking due to relation-based ethics

• Lack of assertiveness due to emphasis on harmony and duty

Lack of “personality” due to emphasis on social propriety (Li)

East Asian traits

Lack of principled moral thinking due to relation-based ethics

East Asian traits

Lack of assertiveness due to emphasis on harmony and duty

East Asian traits

Southeast Asian traits

• Avoids confrontation and visible anger

• Values cool-headedness, placidity, & soft words

• Smiles & laughter can mask true emotions

• Hides disappointment & sorrow in public

• Expresses feelings indirectly

Avoids confrontation and visible anger

Southeast Asian traits

Values cool-headedness, placidity, & soft words

Southeast Asian traits

Smiles & laughter can mask true emotions

Southeast Asian traits

Hides disappointment & sorrow in public

Southeast Asian traits

Expresses feelings indirectly

Southeast Asian traits

Buddhism Character

it shapes character in Southeast Asia as Christianity does in Europe

Therevada Buddhism

encourages emotions and passions must be in check and stresses “kara” over determination

Filipinos

They are calm and euphemistic, and avoids conflict with fellow ___

5 basic moral prohibitions (village justice)

1. refrain for taking life

2. don’t steal

3. avoid elicit sexual activity

4. don’t speak falsely

5. refrain form consuming  inebriating substances

1. refrain from taking life

moral prohibition

2. don’t steal

moral prohibition

3. avoid elicit sexual activity

moral prohibition

4. don’t speak falsely

moral prohibition

5. refrain form consuming inebriating substances

moral prohibition

Buddhists practices

• nonviolence

• do good deeds, 

• giving gifts to monks

• have a gentle thoughts

• meditate

• respect for the sanctity of life

basic tenets of Buddhism

it influenced Gandhi and Martin Luther King

Confusian values

include love and respect for the family, integrity, loyalty, honestly, humility, industriousness, respect for elders, patience, persistence, hard work, friendship, commitment to education, belief in order and stability, etc

Confusian values

gives emphasis on obligations to the community rather than just individual rights and preference for consultation rather than open confrontation

Confusians

they give emphasis in teachers, superiors, family members and leaders + love and respect

5 cardinal virtues

1. Jen/ren

2. yi

3. Li

4. Chih/Zhi

5. Hsin/Xin

Jen/Ren

benevolence in terms of sympathy for others

Yi

duty reflected in the shame felts after doing something wrong

Li

manners, propriety and feelings of deference

Chih/Zhi

wisdom, in terms of discerning right and wrong

Hsin/Xin

loyalty and good faith

Filipinos

• friendly

• outgoing

• sensitive

• easily offended

• nosy

• garrulous

• direct

• hospitable

• feisty

• irreverent

• good nurtured

• clever

Filipinos

• witty

• gregarious

• happy

• generous

• gracious

• casual

• fun

• loving

• sensitive

• hospitable

they have been describe as easy to laugh and easy to befriend with

Filipinos

for them, personal and family honors are stressed, as well as dignity and pride

Filipinos

Filipinos

survey says they are the easiest people in Asia to get along with

Strengths of Filipino Character

a. pakikipagkapwa-tao

b. strong family ties

c. joy and humor

d. flexibility, adaptability and creativity

e. hard work and industry

f. faith and religiosity

Filipinos

have a strong sense of family and community. They are very gregarious and like to talk and hang out with family and friends.

pakikipagkapwa-tao

this strength includes sensitivity to others' feelings (pakikiramdam), trust (pagtitiwala), sense of gratitude (utang na loob), dependent on interpersonal relationships, and camaraderie.

strong family ties

this strength includes deep love for family, honor and respect to parents and elders, care give to children, generosity towards kin, sacrifices for family, sense of family

joy and humor

this strength includes indomitable filipino spirit, laughing as coping mechanism for both the ones we love and hate, manifested in love for social celebrations, laughing at worst times, optimism and capacity to survive

flexibility, adaptability, and creativity

strength where we can adjust and adapt to circumstances

Hard Work and Industry

strengths where we have the capacity for hardwork to raise our loving standard and family and to provide decent life for family, which includes taking risks like going abroad to work 2 or 3 jobs for survival

Faith and Religiosity

Filipino strength where we accept reality as God's will and plan, thanking, asking for forgiveness. tragedy and bad fortune are accepted with optimism expressed in words "bahala na". which is a “pampalakas ng loob”

bahala na

a psychological crop that we can lean in during hard times

pampalakas ng loob

allows us to act despite uncertainty

Weaknesses of Filipino Character

a. extreme personalism

b. extreme family centeredness

c. lack of discipline

d. passivity and lack of initiative

e. colonial mentality

f. kanya-kanya syndrome

g. lack of self-analysis and self-reflection

Extreme Personalism

weakness where we view the world in terms of personal relationships; no separation between objective task and emotional involvement. we take things personally and are uncomfortable with bureaucracy, and we tend to ignore them or ask for expectations. nepotism are rampant

Nepotism

Practice of favoring relatives and friends, especially in employment or business opportunities, regardless of merit or qualifications

Extreme Family Centeredness

a weakness showing an excessive concern for family where we always promote the interest of the family including factionalism, patronage and political dynastic which results to lack of common good that blocks national consciousness

Lack of Discipline

weakness characterized by lack of precision and compulsiveness, poor time management, procrastination, impatience, taking shortcuts, finding ways to skirt rules (palusot), and ningas cogon mentality. Also includes violation of rules, casual work ethics, and lack of follow-through on commitments

Passivity and Lack of Initiative

weakness among Filipinos to be generally passive and lack initiative. We have a strong reliance to others (like leaders and government)

Kanya-kanya Syndrome

feeling of competitiveness and jealousy especially to others who gains some prestige

Lack of self-analysis and Self-reflection

lack of analysis and reflection during serious problems

Identified Filipino Negative Values

1. fatalism

2. crab mentality

3. ningas-cogon

4. filipino time

5. colonial mentality

6. general disregard for rules

7. procrastination

8. corruption

9. gossiping

10. passivity (lack of leadership)

Fatalism

what goes around, come what may, “bahala na”

Which term describes the "if I can't have it, you can't either" mentality?

crab mentality

Ningas-Cogon

means "grass fire"; refers to the pattern of showing great enthusiasm and energy at the start of a project but quickly losing interest as the initial excitement fades away

Filipino time

always late and mañana habit

Colonial Mentality

Lack of patriotism or active awareness and actual preference for foreign things. favoring international food, material things and other products such as skin whitening ones

General disregard for rules

law enforcers are sometimes corrupt so we can bribe them. includes padrino system and areglo

Procrastination

government projects

Which is considered the biggest social ill in the Philippines?

corruption

Gossiping

talking about other’s business

Passivity (lack of leadership)

we are hardworking but we always want someone to take the lead. we prefer to sit at the back in every places like classrooms, conference rooms, churches, etc. we are blessed with natural resources that’re needed to be managed and utilized to achieve our goals as a nation

Padrino System

Practice of using personal connections, patrons, or sponsors (padrinos) to gain favors, jobs, or special treatment

Areglo

Informal arrangement or "under the table" deal to fix problems, often involving bending or breaking rules.