Renaissance and Protestant Reformation Concepts

These flashcards cover vocabulary and key concepts related to the Renaissance and Protestant Reformation, providing definitions for important terms and figures.

Renaissance

A cultural movement that emphasized humanism, art, and a revival of classical learning.

Protestant Reformation

A religious movement in the 16th century that led to the establishment of Protestant churches and reform of the Catholic Church.

Ninety-Five Theses

Martin Luther’s list of propositions for debate concerning the practices of the Catholic Church, particularly the sale of indulgences.

Humanism

An intellectual movement during the Renaissance focused on human potential and achievements.

Diet of Worms

An assembly in 1521 where Martin Luther was asked to recant his teachings.

Indulgences

Grants by the Catholic Church that could lessen one’s punishment for sins.

Annulment

A declaration that a marriage was invalid and treated as though it never happened.

Martin Luther

The theologian who initiated the Protestant Reformation by posting the Ninety-Five Theses.

Church of England

A Protestant church established by Henry VIII after his split from the Catholic Church.

Salvation by faith alone

The belief that faith in God is sufficient for salvation.

Cause and Effect

A relationship where one event (the cause) directly influences another event (the effect).

Political Cartoon

A humorous illustration that comments on political events or ideas.

Comparison Question

A question that asks to identify similarities and differences between two subjects.

Scaffolding

Support and guidance offered to students in learning, often in layers or steps.

Catholic Church

The largest Christian church, led by the Pope, that was a major influence during the Renaissance.

John Calvin

A key figure in the Protestant Reformation known for his doctrine of predestination.

Speaker A

A theoretical character who criticizes the Catholic Church for the sale of indulgences.

Speaker B

A theoretical character who advocates for good deeds and forgiveness as means to salvation.

Speaker C

A theoretical character who believes in predestination and the Bible as the ultimate source of truth.

Speaker D

A theoretical character representing Henry VIII, who separated from the Catholic Church.

Comparison of Ideas

Examining the different beliefs and practices of the Renaissance and Reformation.

Religious Truth

The beliefs or doctrines that define spiritual reality for a faith.

70's Theses

A common mispronunciation of 'Ninety-Five Theses'.

Anglican Church

The church formed in England as a result of the Reformation.

Catholics

Members of the Catholic Church led by the Pope.

Lutheranism

Movement founded by Martin Luther that emphasizes justification by faith.

Reformation Effects

Consequences of the Reformation including the rise of Protestant denominations.

Renaissance Influence

The way Renaissance ideas impacted art, culture, and religious thought during the Reformation.

Document-Based Questions

Questions based on provided documents requiring analysis and interpretation.