Cardiovascular System (vessels)

Midterm 2

Whats do vessels do

Transport blood through the body

What are arteries

Blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

What are arterioles

the smallest arteries

What are capillaries

Where nutrients and wastes are exchanged

What are venules

small blood vessels that carry blood to the veins

What are veins

A larger blood vessel that returns blood to the heart

Describe the connection between arteries and veins

Arteries connects to arterioles to capillaries to venules to veins

What are the two circuits in the vessels

Systemic and pulmonary

What is the role of the systemic circuit

Provides blood rich in oxygen to the body’s tissues

What is the role of the pulmonary circuit

Carries blood low in oxygen exclusively to the lungs for gas exchange

What are the three layers in vessels

Tunica intima (inner)

Tunica Media (middle)

Tunica adventitia (outer)

Are the arteries walls thick or thin

Thick because they are closer to the heart

Are the veins walls thick or thin

Thin because the blood flow is low pressure

What are the three types of capillaries

-Continuous 

-Fenestrated

-Sinusoidal

Continuous capillary

small gaps between endothelial cells that allow water

Fenestrated capillary

Have small openings (fenestrae) that allow for rapid exchange of substances; found in the kidneys

Sinusoidal capillary

They have large gaps and an incomplete basement membrane

Describe the pulmonary trunk

The big vessel that takes blood from the heart to the lungs to get oxygen

Describe the pulmonary arteries

Take oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs to get oxygen.

Describe the pulmonary veins

Brings oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart.