Aviation Law: International Agreements

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering the key treaties, organizations, and legal frameworks of International Civil Aviation Law.

Chicago Convention

The Convention on International Civil Aviation where $52$ States met on $7\text{th. December 1944}$ to create laws known as SARPS.

SARPS

Standards and Recommended Practices organized into $19$ ICAO Annexes; a Standard is a law, while a Recommended Practice is a suggested action.

ICAO

The International Civil Aviation Organisation, created to administer and execute SARPS.

Sovereignty

The principle that every State has complete and exclusive authority over the airspace above its territory.

Territory

The land areas and territorial waters adjacent thereto under the sovereignty, suzerainty, protection, or mandate of a State.

High Seas

Areas outside territorial water where all aircraft have the right to fly unhindered.

State Aircraft

Aircraft used in military, customs, and police services, to which the Chicago Convention is not applicable.

Cabotage

The transport of goods or passengers between two points in the same country by a vessel or aircraft registered in another country or State.

ICAO Article 38

The provision stating that if a State does not implement a SARP, it must inform ICAO within $60$ days and detail the differences in its national AIP.

Nationality mark

The mark indicating the State in which an aircraft is registered; an aircraft cannot be registered in more than one State.

Passenger Manifest

A required document for international navigation listing passenger names and their places of embarkation and destination.

Certificate of Airworthiness (C of A)

A document issued or rendered valid by the State of Registry that every aircraft must carry for international navigation.

The Assembly

The sovereign body of ICAO consisting of all Contracting States, meeting at least once every $3$ years, where each State is entitled to one vote.

The Council

The permanent governing body of ICAO composed of $36$ contracting States elected by the Assembly for a three-year term.

Air Navigation Commission

An ICAO body comprising $19$ members that proposes, formulates, and finalizes SARPS for adoption by the Council.

Annex 1

The ICAO Annex concerning Personnel Licensing.

Annex 2

The ICAO Annex concerning Rules of the Air.

Annex 17

The ICAO Annex concerning Security.

Freedoms 1 & 2

Known as the Technical Freedoms; they consist of the privilege to fly across territory without landing (Freedon 1) and the privilege to land for non-traffic purposes (Freedom 2).

Freedoms 3, 4, and 5

Known as the Commercial Freedoms, including the privilege to put down (3) or take on (4) traffic from/to the State of Registry, and traffic between third-party States (5).

Convention of Tokyo

An international agreement regarding penal law and the powers of a Captain for offenses and acts committed on board that jeopardize safety or good order.

Convention of Montreal

An agreement dealing with the responsibility and liability of the carrier for compensation regarding passenger injury, delays, and baggage loss.

SDR (Special Drawing Rights)

The unit of account used to limit carrier liability for baggage delays, loss, or destruction, capped at $1,000 \text{ SDRs}$ per passenger.

Regulation 261/2004

An EU regulation concerning compensation and assistance to passengers in the event of denied boarding, cancellation, or long delays.

IATA

The International Air Transport Association, a global trade organization that represents and serves the airline industry.

EASA

The European Aviation Safety Agency, responsible for rulemaking, certification of aircraft, and promoting common standards for safety and environmental protection in the EU.

Hard Law (EASA)

Regulations, Implementing Rules, and Acts made by the European Commission.

Soft Law (EASA)

Certification specifications, Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC), and Guidance Material issued by EASA.

EuroControl

An organization providing common ATC services and Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) to strengthen cooperation in air navigation.

Single European Sky (SES)

An agreement (EC 550/2004) aimed at providing air navigation services and establishing common safety requirements across the Community.