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Alloy
A mixture of two or more metals
Annotation
Adding labels indentifying and explaining the key features on a drawing
Anthropometric data
Measurements that are taken from millions of people of different shapes and sizes and placed in charts
Batch production
Making a series of groups of identical products
Bill of materials
A list of materials and/or components needed to manufacture an end product
Biodegradable material
A material that decomposes rapidly as a result of the action of microorganisisms
Biodegrade
Decompose or rot due to interaction with the environment
Bioplastics
Plastics made using biological substances instead of oil
Biopolymer
A polymeric substance produced by living organisms
Bleaching
A finish for fabrics that removes all natural colour
Blow moulding
A process used to shape hollow polymer products
Bonding
A method of joining fabrics without stitching
Boning
Use rigid strips of material to maintain the shape of a textile product
Brazing
A joining process for metals where's filler metal is melted to join parts together at high temperature
CAD
Computer aided design
CAM
Computer Aided Manufacture
Cam
A mechanism that coverts rotary motion to reciprocating motion
Casting
Pouring molten metal into a mound to form a product
Circular economy
A model that aims to increase the use of renewable energy and design products that are made to be made again
CNC
Computer numerical control, using a string of numbers to control the movements of a machine
Commercial impact
How well a product sells and generates revenue
Composite
A material made up of two or more other materials that are not chemically combined
Compression moulding
A process used to shape products from thermosetting polymer
computer-aided design (CAD)
The use of computer software to produce designs for products
Computer-aided-engineering (CAE)
The use of computer software to control machine tools to manufacture products
Concept model
A model produced to illustrate the overall concept of a proposed product
Corrosion resistance
The ability of a material not to be damaged by its environment%
Crating
A drawing technique that uses boxes to act as a guideline for drawings
Density
Mass of material per unit volume
Design brief
A short description of a design problem and how it is to be solved
Design classic
A product that has had a large influence on the worldof design or the wider public
Die casting
A process where molten metal is shaped using pressure and a reusable mould
Die cutting
A process that uses metal blades and a press to cut a shape in paper or card
Disruptive technology
An innovation that creates a new market or way of doing things
Driver circuit
A circuit that is used to boost current levels to those needed by an output device
Durability
The ability of a material to last a long time without being damanged
Economies of scale
A saving in cost per product gained by making a higher number of products
Effort
The force applied to something (for example to a lever)
Elasticity
The ability of a material to return to its original shape when a force on it is removed
Electrical conductivity
The ability of electricity to pass through a material
Electronic system
A collection of input, process, driver and output stage that respond to, change and produce different types of signal
End user
The person that will use a product when it is completed
Ergonomics
The study of how people interact with the products and systems around them
Etching
The use of a chemical, heat or machine to remove selected parts of a material surface
Ethical design
Designing with regard to people's principles, beliefs and morals
Exclusive design
Design of products for a limited audience
Exploded drawing
A picture that shows how the parts of a product fit together
Exploring existing designs
Analysing and critiquing designs that have already been produced
Extrusion
Making a sectional shape by pushing material through a die
Fair trade
A movement that works to help people in developing countries get a fair deal for the products that they produce
Ferrous metal
Metal that contains a significant amount of iron
Finite resource
A resource of which there is only a limited quantity
Flammability
How easily a material burns
Flow chart
A diagram that shows the order in which a series of commands or events is carried out
Fossil fuel
Fuel created from the remains of dead organisms over a long period of time;for example, coal, oil and gas.
Fulcrum
The pivot point of a lever
Function
How a product or system works and/or what it does
Functionality
How well a product fulfils the purpose it needs to meet
Gear
A mechanism used to transfer rotary motion, which can also change direction or magnitude of the force transmitted
Grain
The growth rings visible on the surface of the wood
Graphene
A form of carbon insisting of sheets which are one atom thick
Gsm
Grams per square metre;the thickness of paper or card
Hardness
The resistance of a material to wear and abrasion
Hardwood
Wood from deciduous trees that shed leaves each autumn
Hydro energy
Energy that is taken from flowing water, typically by releasing water from a dam to turn turbines
Inclusive design
Design of products that can be used by everyone without special adaptions
Injection moulding
A process used to shape polymer products
Input device
A device that turns a real-world signal, such as light,sound o r movement, into an electronic signal
Integrated circuit
A complete electronic circuit contained on a single small microchip
Isometric projection
A scaled 3D drawing with sides at an angle of 39 degrees to the baseline
Iterative design
A cyclic design approach where each iteration is tested, evaluated and refined, resulting in a new iteration
Jig
A custom-made tool designed to achieve accuracy, repeatability and interchangeability during product manufacture
Just-in-time manufacturing
Manufacturing where items from suppliers are delivered only when they are needed
Laminating
A finishing technique for paper and cardboard that is created by applying plastic film to one or both sides of the material
Laminating
Overlaying a flat object or sheet of material with a layer of protective material
Learn manufacturing
A systematic approach to eliminate all forms of waste in manufacturing
Lever
A simple device that pivots about a fulcrum
Life cycle assessment
A tool for systematically evaluating the environmental aspects of a product or system
Line bending
A process that involves bending thermoplastic along a heated line
Linear
Moving in a straight line
Linkage
An assembly of parts used to transfer motion between two mechanisms, which can also change the direction or magnitude of the force transmitted
Malleable
Pliable, able to be pressed or forced into shape without breaking
Marketing
The act of promoting or advertising a product or system
Mass production
Making the same product on a large scale
Mathematical model
A representation of a product or system using mathematical formulae
Microcontoller
A small computer on a chip that is designed for use in control applications
Model
A 3D representation of a proposed product, often scaled down
Moulding
Using a former to shape a material
Nanotechnology
Functional systems developed at the molecular or nano scale
Nanomaterial
A material made up of particles that are less than 100nm in size
New and emerging technologies
Technologies that are new, currently being developed or that will be developed in the next 5-10 years
Non ferrous metal
Metal that does not contain iron
Non renewable energy source
An energy source that cannot replenish itself quickly and therefore will eventually run out
Nuclear energy
Energy that is created by making use of highly controlled nuclear reactions, such as nuclear fission
Offset lithography
A printing process for paper and board
One-off/bespoke production
Making a single product to a customer specification
Oscillating
Swinging in alternate directions
Output device
A device that turns an electronic signal into a real-world signal, such as light, sound or movement
Plasticity
The ability of a material to be shaped or moulded
Polishing
A finishing technique used to protect and improve the aesthetics of metals and plastics
