CHAPTER 10 : BACTERIA AND DISEASE

PRELIM EXAMINATIOIN

POLLUTION -

undesirable substance in water and soil.

CONTAMINATION -

presence or organism outside body, water food and other biological substance.

INFECTION -

invasion by pathogenic.

DISEASE -

undesirable relationship between host and pathogen.

PATHOGEN -

organism that invade and causes damage & injury.

PATHOGENICITY -

“pathogenic” ability of organism to cause disease,

STREPTOCOCCI -

affect the lungs, skin and in stomach no effect.

VIRULENCE OF MICROORGANISM -

ability to produce disease, overcoming defensive power of the host.

NUMBER OF MICROBES ; ABUNDANT -

more chance to cause an infection.

NUMBER OF MICROBES ; SMALL NUMBER OF MICROORGANISM -

lesser chance to cause infection.

DEFENSIVE POWER OF THE HOST -

old and young patients are more susceptible to disease because their defensive power are limited or less.

MECHANICAL -

organism directly damage the tissue.

CHEMICAL -

bacteria produces chemicals and toxins

IMMUNOLOGIC -

response of the immune system, consequence of the immune response of the host to microorganism.

COMMUNICABLE DISEASE -

a disease that spreads from one host to other, direct or indirect.

NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE -

agent normally inhabit the body, produces the disease only when introduced the body.

EXOGENOUS INFECTION -

originate outside the body, can be introduced thru contaminated device, health care worker, surfaces or vector.

ENDOGENOUS INFECTION -

from inside the body, disease arising from an infectious agent already present in the body.

SPECIFIC INFECTION -

disease that caused by known or specific microorganism.

NON-SPECIFIC INFECTION -

disease is cause by several microorganism.

EPIDEMIC -

rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population in a short period of time.

ENDEMIC -

constantly present in a particular place.

SPORADIC -

occurs occasionally, example is tetanus and rabies.

PANDEMIC -

present worldwide.

BACTEREMIA -

bacteria in blood.

SEPTECIMIA -

actively multiplying bacteria in blood.

PYEMIA -

producing bacteria in bloodstream.

LATEN -

inactive for a long time but can become active again,

VECTORS -

animals that carry the microorganism from one host to another.