Science Exam 2025

What is an Ionic Bond?

A bond formed when a metal and a non-metal transfer electrons to each other.

What is a Covalent Bond?

A bond where two non-metals share electrons.

Physical Property

Characteristics of a pure substance that can be observed without changing its chemical composition.

What is a Chemical Property?

A property that describes a substance's ability to undergo chemical changes.

What is a Physical Change?

A change in which no new substances are formed, and the change is often reversible

What is a Chemical Change?

A change in which one or more new substances are formed, and the change is often irreversible.

What is a Qualitative Observation?

Descriptive observations made using the five senses.

What is a Quantitative Observation?

Observations that involve measurement and numerical data.

What is a Hypothesis in the Scientific Method?

An educated guess or prediction that can be tested through experimentation.

What is a Conclusion in the Scientific Method?

A summary based on evidence or facts gathered during an experiment.

What are Terrestrial Planets?

The inner planets of our solar system, including Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.

What are Gas Giants?

The outer planets such as Jupiter Saturn Uranus and Neptune

What is a Galaxy?

A massive system of stars, dust, and gas bound together by gravity.

What is a Meteor?

A burning meteorite that enters Earth's atmosphere, creating a bright streak of light.

What is Hydroelectricity?

Electricity generated by the movement of water, typically through dams.

What is Solar Energy?

Energy harnessed from the sun's rays.

What is Wind Energy?

Energy produced from the movement of air.

What is Biomass?

Organic materials, such as plant matter, that are burned to produce heat or energy.

What are Fossil Fuels?

Natural resources like coal, oil, and natural gas that are burned for energy.

What is Voltage?

The potential difference in electrical energy between two points.

What is Current?

The rate of flow of electric charge.

What is Resistance?

The opposition to the flow of electric current.

What is a Series Circuit?

In a series circuit, the current remains the same while the voltage is the sum of the individual voltages.

What is a Parallel Circuit?

In a parallel circuit, the voltage remains the same across each branch.

How do you calculate total resistance in a series circuit?

In a series circuit, resistances add up.

How do you calculate total resistance in a parallel circuit?

The total resistance can be calculated using the formula: 1/R_total = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + … + 1/Rn.

What is Dark Energy?

A mysterious force believed to be causing the accelerated expansion of the universe.

What are Solar Phenomena?

Events like solar flares and prominences that can affect space weather.