HUMAN DIET and DIGESTION

FLASHCARDS

True or False?

A balanced diet includes all nutrients in equal quantities.

False.

A balanced diet consists of all nutrients in their correct proportions, not necessarily equal quantities.

Define the term balanced diet.

A balanced diet consists of all essential nutrients in their correct proportions.

What are the key components of a balanced diet?

The key components of a balanced diet are:

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Lipids

Dietary fibre

Vitamins

Minerals

Water

True or False?

Not having a balanced diet can lead to malnutrition.

True.

Malnutrition can occur when diet is not balanced. This can result from deficiency and/or excess of a particular type of nutrient.

True or False?

Calcium is part of a balanced diet.

True.

Calcium is an important mineral required in the formation of teeth and bones.

What disease causes bowing of the legs due to vitamin D deficiency?

The disease that can arise from vitamin D deficiency which causes bowing of the legs is rickets.

True or False?

Carbohydrates are a source of energy.

True.

Carbohydrates, such as sugars and starch, are a source of energy for the body.

Why are proteins needed in the body?

Proteins are essential for repair and growth.

What is the function of lipids in the body?

Lipids, e.g. fats and oils, act as an energy store, protect vital organs, and help reduce heat loss.

What are minerals?

Minerals are chemical elements essential for many processes in the body. Examples include iron and calcium ions.

True or False?

Vitamins A is important for maintaining good eyesight.

True.

Vitamins A is needed for the production of pigments in the retina. Sources of vitamin A include meat, dairy, eggs and leafy greens.

Why is dietary fibre an important component of a balanced diet?

Dietary fibre provides bulk in the intestines, aiding the movement of solid waste and preventing constipation.

True or False?

Water is the main component of blood, and of cell cytoplasm.

True.

Water is the main component of the blood, where it is essential for carrying nutrients and waste products, and regulating body temperature. Water is also the main component of cell cytoplasm.

Name two foods that are sources of carbohydrate.

Carbohydrates can be obtained from:

Pasta

Rice

Potatoes