real conbine

Encomienda System

The right to demand labor of native people

Peninsulares

People of European descent born in Spain

New Netherland

Colony that acted as a "Dutch Wedge" separating the English colonies

Seven Years' War

Larger conflict of which the French and Indian War was a part

Capoeira

Martial art disguised as dance by slaves in Brazil

Samuel de Champlain

French explorer who laid claim to Quebec

Jamestown

First permanent English colony

Tobacco

Crop that saved Jamestown's economy

Treaty of Paris (1763)

Ensured British dominance in North America

Mayflower Compact

Document signed by the Pilgrims outlining how they planned to govern their colony

A Cheap Labor Source

What the encomienda system provided for New Spain

That Europeans Had the Right to Demand Labor from Native Americans

Assumption on which the encomienda system was based

It Should Sell More Goods Than It Buys

How a nation increases wealth under mercantilism

Italy

Nation that did NOT finance New World explorations

New Netherland Was a Dutch Wedge Separating England's Colonies

Why the English wanted control of New Netherland

Sailing Ships

Advances associated with the lateen sail

An Island in the Caribbean Sea

Where Christopher Columbus first landed in the Americas

New York

Area originally founded by the Dutch

He Urged Better Treatment of Native Americans but Increased Use of African Laborers

How Bartolomé de Las Casas affected race relations

Brazil

Only major South American area not controlled by Spain

Hernando Cortés

Conquered the Aztec Empire

Livestock

Carried west to the Americas during the Columbian Exchange

Many Cultures Lost Their Fittest Members and Families Were Torn Apart

Effect of the Atlantic slave trade on Africa

Cartier

Sailed up the St. Lawrence River

Larger Forces

Did NOT aid the Spanish in conquering the Aztecs

Severe Labor Shortage in the Colonies

Result of Native deaths from disease

Both Prices and Supply of Goods Increased

Effect in Europe of colonial financial success

False

The encomiendas were Spanish explorers who conquered and colonized areas of Mexico

False

The Dutch were ousted from North America by the French

False

The Pilgrim settlers who founded Jamestown were mainly interested in religious freedom

False

The French and Indian War began in 1675 when Metacom led an attack on colonial villages in Massachusetts

False

According to mercantilism

False

As part of the Columbian Exchange

False

In 1492

False

Quebec was the first permanent English settlement in North America

False

Today's mestizos are descendants of Portuguese colonists and Native Americans

True

The group known as the Puritans founded the colony known as Massachusetts Bay

False

New Netherland covered much of what is now the midwestern United States and eastern Canada

True

Francisco Pizarro and his army defeated the Inca by killing a largely unarmed group and then kidnapping and murdering their king

True

The joint-stock company of the 1500s and 1600s was very similar to today's corporation

False

As a result of the French and Indian War

Arawak/Taino Chief

Cacique

Person of Mixed Native American and European Heritage

Mestizo

American-Born Descendant of Spanish Settlers

Creole

Mound of Earth Used in Arawak/Taino Agriculture

Conuco

Treaty That Created the Line of Demarcation Dividing Spanish and Portuguese Claims

Treaty of Tordesillas

Cortés's Translator and Advisor Who Helped Him Gain Native Allies

Doña Marina (La Malinche)

Slave Ship Whose Crew Threw 132 Enslaved People Overboard and Claimed Insurance

Zong

Formerly Enslaved Man Who Wrote About the Middle Passage and Bought His Freedom

Olaudah Equiano

Taino Tool Used to Induce Vomiting Before Worship

Purging Stick

Belief That Authority to Rule Comes From God

Divine Right of Kings

Philip II's Palace

El Escorial

Dutch Rebels Who Fought Spanish Rule

Sea Beggars

Fleet Assembled by Philip II to Invade England

Armada

Author of Don Quixote

Miguel de Cervantes

Event in Which Thousands of Huguenots Were Killed

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre

Symbol Louis XIV Adopted to Represent Himself

Sun

Ceremony During Which Nobles Watched Louis XIV Wake Up

Levee

Anti-Mazarin Uprising in France

Fronde

"I Am the State"

L'etat c'est Moi

Supporters of King Charles I During the English Civil War

Cavaliers

Supporters of Parliament During the English Civil War

Roundheads

English King Executed in 1649

Charles I

Title Assumed by Oliver Cromwell

Lord Protector

Cromwell's Military Force

New Model Army

Document William and Mary Had to Accept Before Being Crowned

English Bill of Rights

Soldiers for Hire

Mercenaries

Treaty That Ended the Thirty Years' War

Peace of Westphalia

Ruler of Prussia

Frederick the Great

Event That Began the Thirty Years' War When Officials Were Thrown Out a Window

Defenestration of Prague

Territory Russia Gained After Peter the Great's War Against Sweden

Land Along the Baltic Sea

Conflict That Helped Begin the Modern State System in Europe

Thirty Years' War

Concept Used to Support Absolute Rule

Divine Right

Main Cause of the French Wars of Religion

Religious Differences

Palace Used to Display Louis XIV's Power

Versailles

Heir Who Inherited the Austrian Throne After Charles VI's Agreement

Maria Theresa

Issued to End Violent Religious Conflicts in France

Edict of Nantes

French King Who Declared "I Am the State"

Louis XIV

Conflict That Increased France's Power and Devastated Germany

Thirty Years' War

City Peter the Great Built to Provide Access to the West

St. Petersburg

Goal of Peter the Great's Reforms

Westernize Russia

Writer Who Mocked Spain's Feudal Traditions in Don Quixote

Miguel de Cervantes

Ruler Whose Reign Made French Culture the Model for Europe

Louis XIV

Reason St. Petersburg's Location Was Chosen

Water Routes to Europe

Group Granted Religious Toleration Under the Edict of Nantes

Huguenots

Reason Strong States Formed More Slowly in Central Europe

Weak Empires and Poor Economies

Difference Between Central/Eastern and Western European Economies

Serfs Remained on the Land

Government Established by the United Provinces of the Netherlands

Republic

Institution That Challenged the Stuart Kings' Claims to Absolute Power

Parliament

Strengthened the Bourbon Monarchy by Weakening Nobles and Huguenots

Cardinal Richelieu

True

Peter the Great liked to play outrageous pranks

False

Hampton Court was Philip II's palace

True

King James I commissioned a new English translation of the Bible

True

Oliver Cromwell's corpse was put on trial

True

Louis XIV danced in about 26 ballets

King of Prussia Who Used the Army to Strengthen the Nation's Power

Frederick the Great

Known as the Sun King

Louis XIV

Protestant Prince Who Became a Catholic King of France

Henry IV

Leader of the Roundheads During the English Civil War

Oliver Cromwell

Philip II's Palace

El Escorial