[LQ] Professional Ethics for Computer Scientists

Long Quiz

Moral Accountability

are the prevailing standards of behavior that enable people to live cooperatively in groups

Administrative Accountability

internal rules and norms as well as some independent commission are mechanism to hold civil servant within the administration of government accountable.

Political Accountability

is the accountability of government, civil servants and politicians to the public and to legislative bodies such as congress or parliament constitution or statute

Managerial Accountability

means the accountability of the manages for his or her decision and actions, including the ones related to managing with funds to those people who appointed them or delegated their powers and responsibilities.

Market Accountability

under voices for decentralization and privatization of the government, services provided are nowadays more “customer-driven” and should aim to provide, convenience and various choices to citizens

Legal/Judicial Accountability

• describes the view that judges should be held accountable in some way for their work.

• this could be a public accountability – getting approval from voters in elections – or accountability to another political body like a governor or legislature.

Constituency Relation Accountability

within this perspective, a particular agency or the government is accountable if voices from agencies, groups or institutions, which is outside the public sector and representing citizens’ interests in a particular constituency or field are heard.

Professional Accountability

means that the professional take decision or action not b/c someone told him/her to do so , but because having weighed up the alternative and consequence

Liability

can mean something that is a hindrance or puts an individual or group at a disadvantage; something that someone is responsible for, something that increases the chance of something occurring. T

Legal liability

is the legal bound obligation to pay debts and concern both civil and criminal law. It has Strict liability, Vicarious liability, Limited liability and Manufacturer’s liability.

Strict, Vicarious, Limited, Manufacturer

Legal liability types are?

Strict liability

in civil and criminal law with the passing of the Theft Act 1978, it is offensive to evade a liability dishonestly. Payment of the damages usually resolved the liability.

Vicarious liability

arises under the common law doctrine agency – respondent superior – the responsibility of the superior for the acts of subordinate.

Limited Liability

is a form of business ownership in which business owners are legally responsible for no more than the amount that they have contributed to a venture

Manufactures Liability

is legal concept in most countries that reflects that fact that producers have responsibility not to sell a defective product.

Public liability

• is the part of the law of tort, which focuses on civil wrongs.

• An applicant (the injured party) usually sues the respondent (the owner or occupier) under common law based on the negligence and/ or damages.

• claims are usually successful

Data Quality

• refers to the methodical approach, policies and process by which an organization manages the accuracy, validity, timeliness, completeness, uniqueness, and consistency its data in systems and data flow.

• biggest myth: it has to be complete error-free

System Quality

measures if the information processing system itself typically focuses on performance characteristics of the system under study. Hamilton and Chervany’s list of system quality measures is probably the most well-known

currency, Response, Turnaround, accuracy, reliability, Flexibility, Ease

Hamilton and Chervany’s list of system quality measures are:

▪ Data ______

▪ _______ time

▪ ______ table

▪ Data ______

▪ _________

▪ System _______

▪ _____ of use

ACCESSIBILITY

general term used to describe the degree to which a product, device or service or environment is accessible by many people as possible.

ACCOUNTABILITY

is concept in ethics with several meanings. It is often used synonymously with such concept as responsibility.

ACCURACY

in the field of science, engineering, industry and statistics, the accuracy of the measurement system is the degree of closeness of measurements of a quality to its actual value.

AVAILABILITY

the degree of which a system, subsystem, or equipment is in a specified operable and committable state at the start of a mission. Availability is the proportion of time a system is in a functioning condition.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGTHS

refers to any creation or product of the human mind and intellect. It can be an invention, an original design, a practical application of a good idea, a mark of ownership such as trademark, literary and artistic works among other things.

patents, trademarks, legal affairs,

• (a) the bureau of _______; (b) the bureau of _______; (c) the bureau of ______ _______; (d) the documentation, information system and technology transfer bureau; (e ) the management information system and EDP bureau; and (f) the administrative, financial and personnel services bureau.

10372

On February 28, 2013, President Benigno S. Aquino III signed R.A. _____, an act amending certain provisions of R.A. 8239. R.A. 10372 added the seventh bureau, the bureau of copyrights and other related rights.

E-COMMERCE

it aims to facilitate the dealing, transactions, arrangements agreements, contracts and exchanges and storage of information through the utilization of electronic medium, extends the coverage of R.A. No. 7394 to transactions made with the use of electronic medium.

RA 7394

• THE CONSUMER ACT OF THE PHILIPPINES

• protection against deceptive, unfair and conscionable sales acts and practices as well as promotes the provisions of information and education to facilitate sound choice and proper exercise of rights by the customer.

RA 10175

• THE CYBERCRIME PREVENTION ACT 2012

• it aims to address legal issues concerning online interactions and the Internet in the Philippines. Among the cybercrime offenses included in the bill are cybersquatting, cybersex, child pornography, identity theft, illegal access to data and libel.

RA 9239

• Optical Media Act of 2003 or the Optical Law of the Philippines

• declares the guiding principles of the country to ensure the protection and promotion of intellectual property rights.

• Provides penalties and for other purposes organized by the Optical Media Board or “OMB”.

CIVIL CODE

• deals with the disputes between individuals, organizations or between the two, in which compensation is awarded to the victim

• it aims to compensate rather than to punish

REVISED PENAL CODE

is the body of law that deals with crime and the legal punishment of criminal offenses. It maintains the stability of the state and society by punishing offenders and deterring them from offending.

SPECIAL CRIMINAL LAW

• defined as a branch of municipal laws which defines crimes, treats if their nature and provides for their punishment.

• three criteria: Malum, Malum Prohibitum, Mala Prohibita

Malum

which is the violations of the Revised Penal Code, literally means, that the act is inherently evil, bad, or wrongful.

Malum Prohibitum

which is the violations of Special Law

Mala Prohibita

is the term used to describe conduct that is prohibited by laws, although not inherently evil.

TRADEMARK INFRINGEMENT

occur when the marker of a product uses a name, logo or other identifying characteristics to deceive consumers into thinking that they are buying the product of a competitor.

MISAPPROPRIATION OF TRADE SECRETS

which occurs when one competitor uses espionage, bribery or outright theft to obtain economically advantageous information in the possession of another.

TRADE LIBEL

spreading of a false information about the quality or characteristics of a competitor’s product is prohibited at common law.

COMMISSION ON INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

• was the primary policy, planning, coordinating, implementing, regulating and administrative entity of the executive branch of the Philippine Government that would promote, develop and regulated integrated and strategic Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems and reliable and cost-efficient communication facilities and services.

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICTION TECHNOLOGY (DICT)

is the Executive Department of the Philippine government responsible for the planning, development and promotion of the country’s information and communication technology (ICT) agenda in support of national development. R.A. No. 10844 or “An Act Creating the Department of Information Communication Technology”, was signed on May 20, 2016 during the administration of Pres. Aquino III.

NATIONAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (NBI)

s the agency of the Philippine government under the Department of Justice, responsible for handling or solving sensational cases that are in the interest of the nation.

20

UNDER THE LETTER OF INSTRUCTIONS (LOI) No.____, the National Bureau of Investigation shall, among others, be responsible for the efficient detection and investigation of crimes and other offenses against the laws of the Philippines.

78

UNDER LETTER OF INSTRUCTIONS (LOI) No.____, The Criminal Investigative Service and the National Bureau of Investigation shall, in additional to the function provided by law, be the investigation arm of the Tanodbayan.

DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (DOJ)

• derives its mandate primarily from the Administrative Code of 1987 (Executive Order No. 292)

• is the government’s principal law agency

• serves as the government’s prosecution arm and administers the government’s criminal justice system by investigating crimes, prosecuting offenders and overseeing the correctional system.

END USER LICENSING AGREEMENT (EULA)

is a piece of paper where the purchaser fills up necessary agreement in order to get a license.

Concurrent Users

• usually applies to the software intended for the use in network environment

• A cap is set to show how many users may access the software at one time.

• licensing term is not user or station specific.

Number of Seats

typically you must have a separate license for each machine running the software. Most operating systems use licensing.

Site License

• often implies that the software will only be installed at one site but users may be unlimited.

• Remote access to that host is possible through modem, WAN, and internet.

• This may not require additional licensees.

Usage Meter or Capitated Rate

t does not limit your users or server sites to certain numbers, but audits the volume of software usage. The charge is based on volume.

Shareware and Freeware

• this category includes software which are downloadable free on the internet.

• is intended to be copies and distributed.

A Copyright License Agreement

• is a contract under which a copyright owner allows another person or company to use their copyrighted material in one way or another: to reprint it, or distribute it, to use it for a specified amount of time, and more.

• the user will generally pay the owner a royalty, or payment based on usage.

• permanently transfers

An End User License Agreement

• helps protect your profits.

• able to define the terms and the limits of the use of the copyrighted software.

• can establish limited warranty information and disclaimers of liability

A License Agreement

• is most often used if one person has ownership of a business concept, software, app, or new product that they want to be able to take to market with the help of another party.

• allows another business to have access to the usage of that licensed property.

Rocket Lawyers Manufacturing Agreement

is more than just a template. Use our step-by- step guide to make it easy to create your license agreement today.

Master Use License Agreement

made between the owner of a sound recording or piece of music and the producer of a film or other creative work.

With a Trademark License Agreement

• you can get permission to do so.

• Maybe the owner will want a royalty payment in return. Maybe not.

A Patent Application Assignment

can help you declare or change who owns the rights to the new invention, even as you wait for it to become official.

Patent Assignment

is similar to transferring ownership of a car - you need to do the paperwork before it's official.

SOCIAL NETWORKING

is a web site that creates an online community of Internet users that enables members to break down barriers created by time, distance and cultural difference.

Social Networking Advertising

involves the use of social networks to communicate and promote the benefits of products and services.

Direct Advertising

involves placing banner ads on social media networking Web sites.

Advertising Using and Individual’s Network of Fiends

companies can use social networking Web sites to advertise to an individual’s network of contacts.

Indirect Advertising Through Groups

Innovative companies are also making use of a new marketing technique by creating groups on social networking Web sites that interested users can join by becoming ‘fans”.

Company-Owned Social Networking Web Site

a variation on the above approach is for a company to form its own social networking Web site.

Viral Marketing

encourages individuals to pass along a marketing message to others, thus creating the potential for exponential growth in the message’s exposure and influence as one persons tells two people