1308 Process Safety, Environment Test

Key Test Terms

Accident Prevention, basic principles of -

includes a safe working environment, safe work practices, and effective management

Accidents

an unplanned disruption of normal activity resulting in an injury or equipment damage

Acute (immediate) poisons

may be ingested, inhaled, injected or absorbed; examples of these chemicals include chlorine, acids, and caustics.

Biological hazards

described as any living organism capable of causing disease in humans; this includes insects; bacteria, fungi, and molds

Chemical hazards

terms associated are carcinogens, mutagens, teratogens (affects unborn fetus), reproductive toxins; those that cause asphyxiation, anesthetic, neurotoxic; those that cause allergic response, irritants, sensitizers, corrosives, toxic, highly toxic; and those that target organ effects

Chronic (delayed) hazards

asbestos fibers, coal dust, and toxic metals such as lead or manganese

Ergonomic Hazards

activities that require chemical technicians to work in unusual or awkward positions for extended periods of time

Ionizing radiation

cannot be detected by any of the five human senses, classified as: alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, x-rays, and neutron particles

Keys to accident prevention

(1) Determine the cause. (2) Prevent its recurrence

National Fire Protection Association

has a standardized system used in chemical hazard identification

Physical hazards associated with chemicals

categorized as combustible liquid, compressed gas, explosive gas, flammable gas, flammable liquid, organic peroxide, oxidizer pyrophoric gas, unstable, and water reactive

Physical hazards

classified as electrical, noise, radiation, or temperature

Radioactive substances

metallic uranium, x-ray, and strontium 90. These hazardous materials break down the cells of exposed tissue

Toxic hazards

fuels, metal fumes, solvents, products, and byproducts

Toxic substance

a chemical or mixture that may present an unreasonable risk of injury to health or environment

Unsafe act

any act that increases a persons chance of having an accident

unsafe condition

a condition in the working environment that increases a technicians chance of having an accident

Anything greater than 85 decibels

Needs hearing protection