Cellular respiration

Living things need energy for

synthesizing new protoplasms for growth and repair

transmit nerve impulses for any folow-up reaction

absorb food substances in the small intestine by activie transport

Cellular respiration produces? and by?

Energy for all activities by releasing energy from glucose to produce ATP (REMEMBER, 1 glucose mole = 2 ATP)

respiration (define)

Process by which food molecules are broken down to release energy

Types of cellular respiration

Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration

Aerobic respiration is the?

MAIN source of energy for living things that BREATHE OXYGEN

Aerobic respiration needs what kind of raw materials to produce energy? And when does it occur?

Aerobic respiration occurs in the PRESENCE OF OXYGEN.

Aerobic respiration

Glucose + Oxygen (and a mitochondria) —> Carbon dioxide, water and energy (ATP)

Anaerobic respiration needs what kind of raw materials to produce energy? And when does it occur?

Glucose —> Latic acid + energy

glucose —> carbon dioxide + Ethanol + energy

Occurs when there is INSUFFICIENT or ABSENCE of oxygen

(fermentation occurs during anaerobic respiration for organisms that ferment food items like yeast/bacteria)

Anaerobic respiration vs Aerobic

Aerobic

-produces a large amount of energy

-occurs in the presence of oxygen

Anaerobic

-produces a small amount of energy but quickly

-occurs in the absence of or when there is insufficient oxygen

-lactic acid is produced (in the muscle) and it leads to muscle fatigue (WHEN THE TISSUES ARE LACKING IN OXYGEN, AFTER A PERIOD OF EXERCISING VIGOROUSLY —> BREATH MORE DEEPLY (PANTING))

Latic acid is removed when you get more oxygen in the muscle.

Yeast vs bacteria (fermentation types)+ what does fermentation do

Yeast carries out ethanol fermentation (Produces carbon dioxide which helps make bread rise)

Bacteria carry out lactic acid fermentation

what does ethanol fermentation do

Ethanol can be used to produce alcohol, used for its disinfectant properties and used as an organic solvent. It can also be used as biofuel in a 1:9 ratio of ethanol and petroleum. Renewable energy can be produced from plants like corn and potato

What does methanol (home brewed beer) fermentation do and how is it formed

Methanol is poisonous and may cause death in extreme cases. It is caused when the carbohydrate source contains high levels of pectin.

How does swiss cheese form? (propionic acid)

Bacteria (PROPIONIBATERIUM) consumes the latic acid produced by lactobacillus (another type of bacteria that uses lactose and produces lactic acid); release propionic acid (nutty and sweet flavour) and carbon dioxide that forms the ‘eyes’ of the cheese.

Acetic acid (vinegar) how is it formed?

Bacteria (ACETOBACTER) is used in tandem with ethanol fermentation; ethanol reacts to form vinegar.

recap (diff between types of respiration

mindmap