History Module 11 - Immigration and Gilded Age Politics

study.

Old Immigration

Old were from western Europe

New Immigration

New were from Eastern and Southern Europe

Emma Lazarus

Wrote the poem on the base of the Statue of Liberty “The New Colossus”

Ellis & Angel Island

A place where many immigrants coming from Europe landed in the U.S. for the first time.

Jacob Riis

“Dumbbell” tenements

Buildings in NYC that were shaped like a dumbbell. They did not have windows or other safety measures which led to eventual reforms

“Ashcan School of Painting”

An artistic movement in the United States during the early twentieth century that is best known for works portraying scenes of daily life in New York, often in the city’s poorer neighborhoods.

Machine Politics

Boss Tweed

William Tweed, head of Tammany Hall, NYC’s powerful democratic political machine in 1868. Between 1868 and 1869 he led the Tweed Reign, a group of corrupt politicians in defrauding the city.

Thomas Nast

Newspaper cartoonist who produced satirical cartoons, he invented “Uncle Sam” and came up with the elephant and the donkey for the political parties. He nearly brought down Boss Tweed.

Stalwarts

Half Breeds

Mugwumps

Pendleton Act (1883)

Bill that outlawed compulsory campaign contributions from federal employees and established the Civil Service Commission.

Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)

First federal agency monitoring business operations, created in 1887 to oversee interstate railroad procedures.

Civil Service Commission

Bimetallism

Sherman Silver Purchase Act (1890)

Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)

Allows the government to break up companies with control of a market; prevents monopolies.

Populist Party

U.S. political party formed in 1892 representing mainly farmers, favoring free coinage of silver and government control of railroads and other monopolies.

Omaha Platform

Coxey’s Army

Panic of 1893

William Jennings Bryan

United States lawyer and politician who advocated free silver and prosecuted John Scopes (1925) for teaching evolution in a Tennessee high school (1860-1925)