GLYCOLYSIS

glucose

glucose 6-P

fructose 6-P

fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

glyceraldehyde 3-P

dihydroxyacetonephosphate

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

3-phosphoglycerate

2-phosphoglycerate

phosphoenolpyruvate

pyruvate

ATP

phosphoglycerate kinase, pyruvate kinase: 2 ATP each.

Which steps in glycolysis create ATP, and how many?

hexokinase, phosphofructokinase: 1 ATP each.

Which steps in glycolysis use ATP, and how many?

Transfers a phosphate group from ATP to glucose to make glucose-6-phosphate, which activates glucose to be a high energy compound later.

What reaction does hexokinase catalyze and why is it necessary for glycolysis?

The isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate, creating a symmetric 6 carbon unit.

What reaction does PGI catalyze and why is it necessary for glycolysis?

Transfers a phosphate group from ATP to fructose-6-phosphate to make fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.

What reaction does PFK catalyze and why is it necessary for glycolysis?

The isomerization of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetonephosphate by moving the carbonyl between C1 and C2.

What reaction does TIM catalyze and why is it necessary for glycolysis?

Using NAD+, oxidizes the aldehyde and makes an acyl phosphate (high energy compound) which can make ATP later on.

What reaction does G3P dehydrogenase catalyze and why is it necessary for glycolysis?

NADH

Which product is unique to the G3P dehydrogenase rxn?

A phosphate group transfer from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADP, creating 3-phosphoglycerate and ATP.

What reaction does PGK catalyze and why is it necessary for glycolysis?

The isomerization of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-PG, which sets up for making high E compound later.

What reaction does phosphoglycerate mutase catalyze and why is it necessary for glycolysis?

Phosphate group transfer from phophoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP to create pyruvate and ATP.

What reaction does pyruvate kinase catalyze and why is it necessary for glycolysis?