Animal science ch 2

Livestock products accounted for —- of all

agricultural commodities in the United States.

47%

cattle and calves

Texas

milk

california

broilers

Georgia

hogs/ chicken eggs

Iowa

turkey

MN

changes in what affect the prices and numbers of animals product produced

consumer demand, feed prices, and weather

which animals can be increased or decrease quickly and which takes several years

broilers (meat chickens), cattle

which type of cattle is Bos indicus

humped cattle that were developed in tropical countries.

bos indicus is ——

parasite resistant and has sweat glands; however, the hump causes waste which lowers overall profit

which cattle were developed in temperate zones and are meatier

bos taurus

in most developed countries which product is a primary product

beef product

in developing countries what is cattle used for

as a secondary product for draft power, milk, currency, or for religious beliefs

what countries are the main beef markets

Canada, china, japan, korea, and mexico

how much of the world’s cattle does the US have

9%

reasons for high production of beef despite few numbers

average carcass weight has increased, increased number of cattle are feed per feedlot

what has decreased in terms of fed cattle

market age

more ———- and ———— European breeds are being used

crossbreeding, faster- gaining

which types of calves are being imported and fed in US markets

Canadian and Mexican calves

seedstock

provides genetic base

Commercial cow-calf

uses genetic base to provide commercial calves

stocker-yearling

grow calves to 600-850 lbs, primarly on roughage

feedlot

feed to finished weight (900-1300)

75% of cows are in —- states

15

most people has —- cows or less

50

most states that have cattle also have what type of production

forage (plains, corn belt, southeastern)

55% of beef cow inventory is in operations with more than —— cows

100

seedstock produce calves to —-

go back into breeding herds

commercial produces calves to

go to feedlot and slaughter houses

high energy rations are for what

fast gain

what gives more weight faster for cows than grass

grain

the average dairy cow in the world produces how much pounds of milk in the world

5,244 lbs

which country has the highest production of milk at 26,000 lbs

Isreal

milk is rarely ——

traded

10 to 15% cattle are finished on

forage (grass fed)

dairy is a ——

large investment in cows, machinery, barns, and milking parlor

dairy industry is highly specialized that includes

production, processing, and distrubition

dairys range from ——- cows to ——

less than 30, more than 5,000

average size of dairies

135 mature milking cows

small sized daries are

declining while large sized herds are increasing

herds of less than 100 cows comprise nearly 75% of all dairy herds but

only produce 14% of US milk production

6% of dairy herds have more than 500 cows and provide

2/3 of total milk production

the largest dairy farms are located where

West and southwest

despite there being 1/3 of cows as 50 years ago what continues

total production of milk

what war led to the decline of horses

WW1

what is the trend of horse use

recreational >show > racehorses > work horses

what is included in poultry

chicken, turkeys, geese, ducks, pigeons, peafowls, and guineas

in Asia which bird is more important than broilers

duck

in Europe which bird is more important

geese

where is the US chicken industry located

southeastern area of the country

the raising of broilers is preformed on a —-between the person who owns the houses, buys equipment, furnishes labor and the corporations that furnishes birds, service flied, dressing and marketing

contract basis

2/3 of the US broilers are raised in the ——

broiler belt

what states are in the broiler belt

Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, and Virginia

the amount of meat produced by broilers did what

increased

The number of ——- has declined but the ——- is higher because of improved performances.

laying hens, egg production

what are the leading states in turkey production

Minnesota, North Carolina, Arkansas, and Indiana

where are sheep and goats more important

temperate and tropical agriculture

what do goats graze

shrubs and forbs

what do cattle graze

tall grasses and some forbs

what do sheep graze

short grasses and some forbs

world —— numbers are around 1.2 billion head which is the highest so far on record

sheep

which countries are leading in sheep

China, Australia, India, Nigeria, and Sudan

US —— more lab than it ——

imports, produces

what countries have the most goat head

China, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nigeria

what are the leading states in sheep production

Texas, California, Wyoming, Utah, and South Dakota

where are farm-flock sheep

Midwest and eastern states

which type of sheep is a smaller more micromanaged operation

farm-flock

where are range-flock sheep

western states

80% of US sheep are raised in the —-

West

Most US sheep producers have a small flock of

50 head or fewer

purebred breeders

raise purebred sheep and sell for breeding

commercial lamb producers

raise crossbreds for market

commercial feedlot operators

buy lambs weighing 70-80 lbs, feed for 40-60 days to help lambs gain 20-30 lbs

which state has the most meat goats

texas

which state has the most dairy goat production

Michigan

swine are more productive on a —— in the USA

per head basis

Us exports nearly —— of pork and pork byproducts

3 million tons

Swine industry brings in —— in the USA

$20 billion

where is most production of swine located

midsection (corn belt)

which state accounts for 25% of pork production

Iowa

over the past 20 years, the number of —— has decreased

breeding hogs

— of the farms that raised pigs in 1987 still did in 2010

half

total —— production has increased

pork

aquaculture

farming or rearing of aquatic plants and animals

Us aquaculture production is —- in the world

16th

worldwide fish consumption accounts for —- of all animal protein intake

1/5

which state produces ½ of the US total of catfish

Mississippi

what type of animal is more efficient to produce than any of the major land-raised meats

fish