Chronic Illness and Older Adult Care Lecture Flashcards

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering chronic illness management, the clinical judgment model, and geriatric care principles based on the lecture transcript.

Acute Illnesses

Conditions characterized by rapid onset, short duration, and the potential to be cured, such as the flu, colds, or norovirus.

Chronic Illnesses

Prolonged medical conditions or symptoms requiring three months or longer of management that do not resolve spontaneously and are rarely cured completely.

Chronic Illness Trajectory

A model of overlapping phases where an individual moves from optimum functioning to periods of instability, crisis, or acute exacerbations, often resulting in a downward trend in health.

Health Promotion

The process of enabling individuals to increase control over their health by addressing social, environmental, and behavioral factors to prevent illness or its progression.

Primary Prevention

A level of health promotion aimed at preventing an illness before it starts, such as immunizations, promoting safe sex, and fall prevention education.

Secondary Prevention

A level of health promotion focused on early detection of problems to prevent them from worsening, including screenings like mammograms, colonoscopies, and blood pressure checks.

Tertiary Prevention

A level of health promotion focused on reducing complications and restoring function after an illness or injury, such as cardiac rehab and physical therapy.

Healthy People 2030

A 10-year initiative from the US Department of Health and Human Services focused on improving wellbeing by addressing social determinants of health (SDOH), health literacy, and health inequality.

Clinical Judgment Model (CJM)

A framework for nursing decisions involving six parts: recognizing cues, analyzing cues, prioritizing hypotheses, generating solutions, taking action, and evaluation.

Subjective Data

Information provided by the patient about what they are experiencing or feeling, such as reports of pain, dizziness, or lack of appetite.

Objective Data

Quantifiable and observable information collected by a nurse, including vital signs, lab results, and physical assessment findings like decreased breath sounds.

Minimum Urine Output

The critical baseline for kidney function assessment, which is $30\,\text{mL/hr}$, used to monitor for issues like urinary retention or fluid volume deficit.

Nursing Diagnosis

A holistic and dynamic identification of the human response to a disease process, covering physical, psychological, social, spiritual, and environmental aspects.

Medical Diagnosis

A disease-oriented diagnosis that identifies underlying biological processes or pathology causing an issue, typically remaining unchanged unless the disease resolves.

IADLs

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; the complex tasks required for independent living, such as balancing a checkbook, paying bills, and arranging transportation.

SMART Goals

A criteria for setting nursing outcomes that are Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-bound.

Ageism

A negative attitude or discrimination toward the aging process or older adults, often resulting from a lack of knowledge or fear of aging.

Polypharmacy

The use of multiple medications, which is common among older adults with chronic conditions and increases the risk of drug interactions, toxicity, and administration errors.

Ethnogeriatrics

An emerging nursing specialty that provides culturally competent care by considering the intersection of an individual's cultural background and the aging process.

Respite Care

A support service for caregivers that provides temporary relief from their caregiving duties to prevent burnout and maintain the caregiver's own health.