Ancient Near East: People and Empires

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22 Terms

1
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What was the capital of the Assyrian Empire?
Nineveh
2
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Who was the Assyrian's strongest ruler?
Ashurbanipal
3
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When was the Assyrian Empire established?
by 700BC.
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How did the Assyrian's establish a system of communication to administer the empire more efficiently?
They built roads which allowed messengers to cover the empire in one week. Egypt is an exception in this system.
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Since the Assyrian Empire was faced with little or no natural defenses, they were forced to do what?
They were forced to develop a strong military.
6
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After the fall of the Assyrian Empire, the Neo Babylonian Empire was led by who?
King Nebuchadnezzar 2 605-562BC
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Who did the Chaldean people conquer?
Egyptians, Syria and Palestine; destroyed the city of Jerusalem and carried the people of Judah into exile.
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Why was the Hanging Gardens of Babylon built?
It was built for a wife who missed the mountains of her homeland.
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The Persian Empire was located where?
In modern-day Iran.
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Who was Cyrus?
From 559-530BC he became the first great leader of the Persians and began the expansion to form empire.
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What did Cyrus do in 539BC?
He captured Babylon, was welcomed as a hero, and allowed the people of Judah to return to Jerusalem, and rebuilt their temple.
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Who was Darius (521-486BC) and what did he do?
He was the son of Cyrus and added a new province in western India and also added Thrace making the Persian Empire the largest empire to date.
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What did Darius do to help collect tax?
He established a system for calculating tax for each conquered province; each paid according to their ability rather than a fixed amount as was the custom.
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Who was Pheidippides?
An Athenian soldier, ran the 26 miles back to Athens to tell the citizens of the Greek victory. After shouting " Rejoice, we conquer! " he collapsed and died.
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Who was Themistocles?
leader of Athens during Persian wars, persuaded the Athenians to build a navy of war ships called triremes, won the Battle of Thermopylae Pass.
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Who and what did Xerxes do?
He was the son of King Darius and invaded Greece in 480BCE.
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What was the Greek defensive plan?
It was to delay the Persians at Thermopylae Pass.
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Who was King Leonidas? What did he do?
He was the king of Sparta and held off the Persian army for 2 days in the battle of Thermopylae Pass.
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The Dark Age of Greece was what?
A period of time in Greece where today's people don't know much about.
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Who was Homer?
A blind poet who composed the two most famous Greek epics - the ILIAD & the ODYSSEY.
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What was the Iliad?
An epic poem that was told orally about the last year of the Trojan War until it was written down by Homer around 750BCE.
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What was the Odyssey?
An epic poem that was told orally about Odysseus's journey home from the Trojan War until it was written down by Homer around 750BCE.