QUIZ 1 BLOOD HAN 202

Blood

Fluid connective tissue composed of plasma and formed elements

Formed elements

Cells of blood including RBCs, WBCs, and platelets

Plasma

Liquid matrix of blood making up 55%

Erythrocytes

Red blood cells that transport oxygen

Leukocytes

White blood cells involved in immunity

Platelets

Cell fragments that help with blood clotting

Albumin

Plasma protein that maintains osmotic pressure

Globulins

Plasma proteins involved in immunity and transport

Fibrinogen

Plasma protein that forms fibrin clots

Viscosity

Resistance of blood to flow

Osmolarity

Total solute concentration in blood

Hematopoiesis

Blood cell production in bone marrow

Hemoglobin

Oxygen-carrying protein in RBCs

Erythropoietin

Hormone from kidneys that stimulates RBC production

Anemia

Deficiency of RBCs or hemoglobin

Polycythemia

Excess of red blood cells

Agglutinogens

Antigens on RBC surfaces

Agglutinins

Antibodies in plasma

Rh factor

D antigen determining positive or negative blood type

Neutrophils

Most abundant WBCs; fight bacteria

Eosinophils

WBCs involved in parasitic infections and allergies

Basophils

WBCs that release histamine and heparin

Lymphocytes

WBCs responsible for adaptive immunity

Monocytes

WBCs that become macrophages

Hemostasis

Process that stops bleeding

Vascular spasm

Immediate vasoconstriction after vessel injury

Platelet plug

Temporary seal formed by platelets

Coagulation

Formation of a blood clot

Thrombin

Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin

Fibrin

Protein mesh that stabilizes clots

Hemophilia

Inherited clotting factor deficiency

Thrombus

Stationary blood clot

Embolus

Traveling blood clot

Intrinsic pathway

Begins within the blood using clotting factors already present

Extrinsic pathway

Begins with tissue damage and tissue factor