History 1920s and 1930s Test

What was Canada like for the soldiers returning from WWI?

Canada was difficult for returning WWI soldiers because there were few jobs, no pensions or support, and many suffered from injuries or shell shock.

What happened in Winnipeg during May of 1919? Explain.

In May 1919, over 30,000 Winnipeg workers went on strike for better pay, working conditions, and union rights, leading to six weeks of unrest and a violent day called “Bloody Saturday.”

Did everyone support the strike? Explain.

No, not everyone supported the strike. many business owners, politicians, and regular people were against it because they were afraid it could lead to a communist revolution and disorder.

Why were people fearing a revolution?

People were scared of a revolution because the Russian Revolution had happened in 1917, and they thought the Winnipeg Strike might lead to the same kind of communist takeover in Canada.

What was prohibition and why didn’t it work?

Prohibition was a law that banned the sale and drinking of alcohol, but it didn’t work because people still found ways to drink through illegal bars and smuggling, leading to more crime.

What was the Persons Case all about?

The Persons Case was about five women (the Famous Five) fighting for women to be legally recognized as "persons" so they could be appointed to the Senate, and in 1929, Canada’s highest court agreed they were.

Who were the famous five?

The Famous Five were five Canadian women: Emily Murphy, Nellie McClung, Henrietta Muir Edwards, Louise McKinney, and Irene Parlby, who fought for women's rights, especially in the Persons Case.

Name three things that changed for women during the 1920s.

In the 1920s, women gained the right to vote in most provinces, more women entered the workforce, and flappers challenged traditional roles by wearing modern clothes and living more freely.

What was the first mass produced automobile?

The Ford Model A, released in 1927, was the first mass-produced car to replace the Model T. It became hugely popular due to its improved design and affordable price.

How could these cars be produced so cheaply?

Cars were cheap because Ford’s assembly line made them quickly with the same parts, which saved money and lowered the price for regular people.

What problems were associated with the growing number of cars on the road?

The growing number of cars led to traffic accidents, road congestion, air pollution, and a lack of proper infrastructure, as cities were unprepared for such rapid automobile growth.

What did people do for entertainment in the 1920s?

In the 1920s, people enjoyed entertainment like going to jazz clubs, listening to the radio, attending movie theatre, and participating in dancing, such as the Charleston.

What were the three causes of the Depression? Be able to explain each of them.

• Stock Market Crash (1929): The market crashed and people lost lots of money, causing panic.

• 
  Overproduction: Factories made too many goods that people couldn’t afford, so businesses shut down and workers lost jobs.

• 
  Bank Failures: Banks went out of business and people lost their savings because the banks had made bad loans.

Where was the worst place to be during the Depression?

The worst place to be during the Depression was in the Prairies, especially in areas affected by the Dust Bowl, where severe drought and crop failure worsened the economic hardship for farmers.

What made it so bad in the prairies

The Depression was worse in the Prairies because the Dust Bowl ruined crops with drought and dust storms, causing poverty and forcing many people to leave.

What was the On-to-Ottawa Trek all about and how did Bennett react?

The On-to-Ottawa Trek was a 1935 protest where jobless men rode trains to Ottawa to ask for better help, but Prime Minister Bennett stopped them in Regina with police, causing a violent riot.

Compare R.B. Bennett and Mackenzie-King’s views of “solving” 1930s issues.

R.B. Bennett wanted the government to create jobs and programs to fight the Depression, while Mackenzie King believed in giving money to provinces and using slower, cooperative methods.

What new parties were created during the 1930s and why did they get support?

In the 1930s, new parties like the CCF and Social Credit were formed. The CCF wanted more government help for the poor, while Social Credit wanted changes to money systems to improve the economy. These parties gained support because people were unhappy with the way things were during the Depression.

What were some of the good things that came out of the 1930s?

Good things from the 1930s included the start of unemployment insurance, the creation of national parks, and new ideas that led to better laws and help for people.

Collective bargaining

Collective bargaining is when workers, through their unions, negotiate with employers for better wages, working conditions, and benefits.

O.B.U.

The One Big Union was a Canadian union started in 1919 to bring all workers together to fight for better pay and working conditions.

Emily Murphy

Emily Murphy was a Canadian women’s rights activist and the first female judge in the British Empire. She played a key role in the Persons Case, which helped women be recognized as "persons" and allowed them to join the Senate.

Bootleggers

Bootleggers were people who illegally produced, transported, or sold alcohol during Prohibition, when alcohol was banned in Canada in the 1920s.

Edmonton Grads

The Edmonton Grads were a Canadian women's basketball team that became famous in the 1920s and 1930s for their impressive winning streak, including winning 502 out of 552 games and capturing multiple championships.

Flapper

A flapper was a young woman in the 1920s who embraced a modern, bold lifestyle, characterized by wearing shorter skirts, bobbed hair, and challenging traditional social norms with behaviors like dancing and smoking in public.

Mary Pickford

Mary Pickford was a Canadian-American actress, called "America's Sweetheart," who became a huge silent film star and helped start United Artists in 1919.

Foster Hewitt

Foster Hewitt was a Canadian sports broadcaster famous for his play-by-play commentary of hockey games, especially for the Toronto Maple Leafs, and for coining the famous phrase "He shoots, he scores!"

Crystal Set

A crystal set was an early, simple radio that used a crystal to pick up signals and didn’t need electricity to work.

Black Tuesday

Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929, was the day the stock market crashed in the United States, marking the beginning of the Great Depression and causing widespread economic hardship.

five cent speech

The "Five Cent Speech" was when Prime Minister Bennett said he wouldn't give federal money to provinces with Liberal governments, which made many people angry and hurt his popularity.

Riding the rails

"Riding the rails" refers to the practice during the Great Depression of unemployed men hopping onto freight trains to travel across Canada in search of work, often illegally and in dangerous conditions.

CBC/CRBC

The CBC, first called the CRBC in 1932, is Canada’s national broadcaster that runs radio and TV programs across the country.

Buying on credit/margin

Buying on credit or margin means borrowing money to buy things or stocks, which is risky if you can’t pay it back or if the value drops.