Honors Bio. T3 Final - Brom 22-23

Meiosis

________ is a type of cell division that produces gametes (sex cells)

Independent Assortment

________- the allele a gamete receives for one gene does not influence the allele received for another gene.

Mucus

________ in the nose and throat traps pathogens, then cilia push trapped pathogens away from the lungs.

Molecular evidence

________ can be seen in similarities when comparing DNA.

Natural selection

________ favored those with the optimal beaks for their food.

foreign substance

Any ________ that can stimulate an immune response, often located on the outer surfaces of bacteria, viruses, or parasites.

Galapagos finches

________ had different adaptations that better fit the needs of different areas.

mRNA molecule

The ________ is then transported out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm, where it is translated by the ribosomes.

immune system

The ________ releases chemicals to increase body temp.

Deactivate

________ or kill any foreign substance or cell that enters the body.

phagocytes

Many are ________ that engulf and destroy bacteria.

T

________ lymphocytes (________ cells) are produced in bone marrow but mature in the thymus.

Lymphocytes

________ are the main working cells of the immune response (B and T)

tRNA molecule

Once the ________ has bound to the amino acid, it can then transport it to the ribosome, where it is added to the growing protein chain.

Heredity

________- Offspring must tend to resemble their parents (Mendelian inheritance)

rRNA molecule

The ________ helps to catalyze the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids, which is a crucial step in the process of protein synthesis.

Reproduction

________- Entities must reproduce to form a new generation.

B

________ lymphocytes (________ cells) are produced and mature in red bone marrow.

Physical Variation

________- Characteristics of members in the population must differ.

genetic material

Crossing Over- ________ is swapped between two chromosomes.

amino acids

It is responsible for carrying ________ to the ribosomes, where they are assembled into a protein chain.

ribosome

It is a component of the ________, which is the cellular machinery responsible for assembling proteins.

Transfer RNA

________ (tRNA) is another type of RNA that plays a critical role in protein synthesis.

immune system remembers specific invaders

The ________, allowing a quicker and more effective attack for repeated pathogens.

Mendelian genetics

________ laid the foundation for modern genetics.

recessive allele

An individual must inherit two copies of a(n) ________ in order to express a particular trait.

Higher body temp

________ also speeds up parts of the immune response.

Population Variation

________- The fitness of organisms must differ.

immune cells

Antibodies tag antigens for destruction by ________.

Specific immune defenses

________ are triggered by antigens.

Meiosis

________ occurs in the gonads (ovaries and testes) of sexually reproducing organisms.

tRNA molecule

The ________ has a specific sequence of nucleotides that allows it to recognize and bind to a specific amino acid.

mRNA molecule

The ________ is synthesized during the process of transcription, where a section of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase.

Father of Genetics

Gregor Mendel

Crossing Over

genetic material is swapped between two chromosomes

Independent Assortment

the allele a gamete receives for one gene does not influence the allele received for another gene