Organic Chemistry 1 - Functional Groups

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering fundamental organic chemistry functional groups based on lecture notes by Dr. Roberts.

Alkane

A saturated hydrocarbon functional group containing only single carbon-carbon bonds.

Alkene

An unsaturated hydrocarbon functional group containing a carbon-carbon double bond ($C=C$).

Alkyne

An unsaturated hydrocarbon functional group containing a carbon-carbon triple bond ($C\equiv C$).

Alcohol

An organic functional group containing a hydroxyl group ($-OH$) bonded to an alkyl carbon atom.

Ether

A functional group in which an oxygen atom is single-bonded to two carbon or alkyl groups.

Amine

A functional group consisting of a nitrogen atom bonded to carbon or hydrogen groups ($R-N(R')R''$, where $R = C, H$).

Epoxide

A cyclic ether functional group composed of a three-membered ring consisting of two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.

Aryl

An aromatic ring functional group represented by a benzene ring structure.

Phenol

A functional group characterized by a hydroxyl group ($-OH$) directly attached to an aryl (benzene) ring.

Nitrile

A functional group containing a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom ($R-C\equiv N$).

Carbonyl Group

A functional group consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom ($C=O$), where $R = C$ and $R' = C, H, O, N, Cl$.

Ketone

A carbonyl functional group in which the carbonyl carbon ($C=O$) is bonded to two carbon-containing groups.

Aldehyde

A carbonyl functional group in which the carbonyl carbon ($C=O$) is bonded to a carbon group $R$ and a hydrogen atom ($-H$).

Carboxylic Acid

A carbonyl functional group in which the carbonyl carbon ($C=O$) is bonded to a carbon group $R$ and a hydroxyl group ($-OH$).

Ester

A carbonyl functional group in which the carbonyl carbon ($C=O$) is bonded to a carbon group $R$ and an alkoxy oxygen group ($-O-R'$).

Amide

A carbonyl functional group in which the carbonyl carbon ($C=O$) is bonded to a carbon group $R$ and an amino nitrogen group ($-N(R')R''$).

Acid Chloride

A carbonyl functional group in which the carbonyl carbon ($C=O$) is bonded to a carbon group $R$ and a chlorine atom ($-Cl$).