Lymphomas

Which of the following is an example of a lymphoma that can have a leukemic phase?

Burkitt lymphoma

Where do lymphomas commonly originate from?

Lymphatic tissues

What is the leukemic phase of lymphoma?

lymphoma cells proliferate into peripheral blood

Which extramedullary areas are commonly affected by lymphoma?

Spleen and lymph nodes

What is the primary cause of Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL)?

HTLV-1

What are common complications associated with Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL)?

Osteolytic lesions, hypercalcemia, immunosuppression

Which of the following is a characteristic feature in the leukemic phase of Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL)?

Marked leukocytosis

Which of the following immunophenotype markers are associated with Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL)?

CD3, CD4, CD25, CD28

What is the characteristic morphology associated with in Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL)?

flower cell

What type of cells are primarily affected in Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia (BL)?

Mature B cells

Which of the following describes the characteristics of the endemic subtype of Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia (BL)?

children in Africa, primarily in the mandible and orbits

What virus is associated with the endemic subtype of Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia (BL)?

EBV

What is a common site of disease in the sporadic subtype of Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia (BL)?

Abdominal

Which of the following is a characteristic morphology of cells in Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia (BL)?

M to L cells with finely clumped chromatin and basophilic cytoplasm

Characteristic appearance of lymphocyte seen in Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia (BL)?

starry sky

Which immunophenotype marker is commonly found in Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia (BL)?

CD10 (Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Antigen, CALLA)

What is a major complication associated with chemotherapy for Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia (BL)?

tumor lysis syndrome

What are the potential side effects of tumor lysis syndrome in Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia (BL)?

hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia

Follicular Lymphoma (FL) originates from which type of B cells?

Germinal center B cells

Which of the following best describes the clinical presentation of Follicular Lymphoma?

painless adenopathy

What is the prognosis for Follicular Lymphoma with current therapies?

incurable but manageable

Which nuclear features are commonly observed in PB involvement of FL?

condensed chromatin and distinct nuclear clefts

In the bone marrow (BM), what is the characteristic appearance of small FL tumor cells (centrocytes)?

angular

Which of the following is a common clinical feature of Mantle Cell Lymphoma?

Extensive lymphadenopathy

Mantle Cell Lymphoma commonly involves which of the following sites?

blood, bone marrow, and spleen

Which chromosomal translocation is characteristic of MCL?

t(11;14)

Which diagnostic marker is detected by immunohistochemistry in MCL?

cyclin D1

Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma can arise from transformation of which of the following lymphomas?

CLL/SLL, FL, MZL

Which gene translocation is associated with approximately 30% of DLBCL cases?

BCL6

The BCL2 gene translocation involved in DLBCL is typically:

t(14;18)

A DLBCL case with abnormalities in BCL6 and BCL2 is referred to as:

Double-hit lymphoma

Marginal Zone Lymphoma (MZL) is a type of which lymphoma?

B-cell

What commonly triggers the development of MZL?

Chronic antigen stimulation due to infection or autoimmunity

Which infection is most commonly associated with MZL, particularly the MALT subtype?

Helicobacter pylori

Which subtype of MZL is the most common?

Extranodal MZL

Which of the following MZL subtypes affects lymph nodes?

Nodal MZL

What is a characteristic morphological feature of Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma (SMZL)?

polar distribution of cytoplasmic projections

Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome are types of which lymphoma?

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

What type of T cells are involved in MF/SS?

CD4+ T cells

What is a typical morphological feature of the malignant cells in MF/SS?

folded nuclei and scant cytoplasm

Skin lesions in Mycosis Fungoides typically resemble which condition?

psoriasis

Plasma cell neoplasms are the ___ most common hematologic malignancy.

second

What is MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance)?

benign plasma cell

Multiple Myeloma is primarily based in which tissue?

BM

Which of the following is a typical feature of Multiple Myeloma?

Hypercalcemia, Renal failure, Osteolytic bone lesions

What is a common site of extramedullary extension in Multiple Myeloma?

bones and soft tissues

Circulating plasma cells in Multiple Myeloma are considered significant when they are:

20% and >2x10⁹/L

What is the significance of Rouleaux formation on a blood smear in Multiple Myeloma?

Evidence of paraproteins

Which markers are typically expressed by malignant plasma cells in Multiple Myeloma?

CD38, CD138, CD56

Hodgkin Lymphoma typically arises from which location?

Lymph nodes

What is the hallmark cell seen in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Reed-Sternberg cell

Reed-Sternberg cells are typically positive for which markers?

CD30, CD15

Which subtype of HL lacks Reed-Sternberg cells and has "popcorn cells"?

lymphocyte-predominant