Psych 1010 ISU Final

Id

The unconscious drive to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive needs, the need to survive.

Ego

Seeks to realistically manage the Id and Superego to bring long term pleasure

Superego

Strives for perfection and acts as a moral conscience.

Oral

Stage 1: (0-18 Months) Pleasure centers on the mouth, sucking biting and chewing.

Anal

Stage 2: (18-36 months) Pleasure focuses on gaining control of bowel movements

Phallic

Stage 3: (3-6 years) Pleasure comes from the genitals coping with incestuous feelings

Latency

Stage 4: (6 to puberty) A phase of dormant sexual feelings

Genital

Stage 5: (Puberty on) Maturation of sexual interests

It is social development, not sexual development that impacts adult life

Alfred Adler criticism of Freud

Childhood anxiety drives adult relationships, and many of these ideas are reflections of sexist cultural norms.

Karen Horney criticism of Freud

Use ambiguous stimuli to infer personality traits

Projective Testing

Rorschach Inkblot

Projective Testing

What does MMPI measure

Measures personality traits as a personality test

Openness

Trait 1, How open someone is to new experiences

Conscientiousness

Trait 2, How organized or disciplined someone is

Extraversion

Trait 3, How sociable, people seeking, or talkative someone is

Agreeableness

Trait 4, How cooperative, trusting, or friendly someone is.

Neuroticism

Trait 5, how anxious, worried, or emotionally unstable someone is.

Deviance

The first D, How extreme or underwhelming ones behavior is compared to common behavior in the same senario

Distress

The second D, The idea that the behavior, thoughts, and feelings must be unwanted or harmful

Dysfunction

The third D, The idea that the deviant behavior must impair day to day life.

Danger

The fourth D, The deviant behavior will usually cause harm to the person or the people around them.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A sense of anxiety with no clear cause or explanation, hard to get away from.

Phobias

Persistent and irrational fears of a specific object or situation

Panic Disorder

Recurrent episodes of intense anxiety, dizziness, and difficulty breathing with no clear cause.

Major Depressive Disorder

Deep depression accompanied by extreme weight loss or gain.

Bipolar Disorder

Switching between manic and depressive episodes quickly, lasting for an unknown period of time and generally extremely intense

Positive Schizophrenia

Visual/Auditory hallucinations.

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Filled with obsessions that then turn into compulsion to do something ritually in order to satisfy the obsession.

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Presence of two or more distinct personality systems in the same individual (used to be called multiple personality)

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Consistent pattern of inattention or impulsive behavior that interferes with normal functioniong.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

A person who is unable to express empathy, and is quite harsh and can do very terrible things.

Borderline Personality Disorder

Severe instability of emotions, relationships, and self image, coupled with self destructive behavior.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Inflated sense of own importance, a deep need for excessive attention and admiration.

Psychoanalysis

Freuds idea that most processes are unconscious and the unconscious desires influence behavior and emotion

Client centered therapy

Developed by Carl Rogers, drawing on Empathy, Unconditional positive regard, and active listening

Cognitive theories

Confrontation of negative emotional reaction with a logical examination, learning to turn them to more realistic beliefs

Behavioral Therapies

Focus on outcome rather then cause, and use classical conditioning to solve one problem at a time.

Anti-Anxiety drugs

Xnax, a GABA agonist

Antipsychotic drugs

Thorazine, dopamine agonist

Mood Stabilizer

Lithium, stabilizes mood

Antidepressant

SSRIs, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

Social Facilitation

The presence of other people encourages performances on easy tasks, but discourages performance on difficult tasks

Social loafing

The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts towards a goal

Deindividuation

Loss of self awareness and self restraint occurring in group situations that foster high arousal, like a mosh pit

Group polarization

When people who individually have an opinion come together to do something about it, they tend to support it much more strongly together

Chameleon effect

The unconscious tendency to mimic the behaviors and gestures of the people you are interacting with

Conformity (Asch)

Adjusting ones behavior or attitude to fit a group behavior, goes with the line length experiment.

Social Roles (Zimbardo)

The expected behaviors and norms associated with a particular position in a group or society.

Authority (Milgram)

Testing how far people are willing to go when they are told to do something by an authority.

Prejudice

Emotional response towards a group

Discrimination

Unwarranted hostile behavior toward a member of a group only because they are a member

Implicit Prejudice

Internal unconscious feelings of prejudice towards someone

Explicit Prejudice

External and purposeful prejudice towards someone, intnetionally

Just world Beliefs

The belief that good is rewarded and evil is punished, and the status quo is justified through rationalization

Scapegoat Theory

Proposes that when things go wrong, finding someone to blame can provide an outlet for anger

Out-Group Homogenity

Believing that all members of an out-group are similar

Frustration Aggression principle

The idea that frustration can lead to aggression

Altruism

An unselfish concern for the welfare of others

Bystander Effect

The greater number of people witnessing an emergency, the less likely any one of them is to help

Superordinate goals

A common goal between two groups that causes them to form contact and work together.