Social-Emotional Development

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13 Terms

1

stages of social-emotional development

created by Erik Erikson

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2

trust vs. mistrust

1st stage (infancy: 0-23 months)

  • learning to trust the world + those around us

  • caregivers must consistently meet babies needs

  • consequences of not developing it - more likely to experience loneliness

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3

autonomy vs shame + doubt

2nd stage (early childhood: 2-4 yrs)

  • developing a sense of independence + control

  • excessive help from parents can produce a person w/ self-doubt, low self-esteem, + perceived lack of control

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4

initiative vs guilt

3rd stage (preschool age: 4-5yrs)

  • develop the desire to try new things

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5

industry vs inferiority

4th stage (school age: 5-12 yrs)

  • develop a sense of confidence + sense of what they’re good at

  • helps develop self-worth, competence, + pride

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6

identity vs role confusion

5th stage (adolescence: 13-19 yrs)

  • “who am I"?”

  • impacts on identity: race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, occupation, family

  • role confusion can result in weak sense of self + difficulty w/ confidence

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7

identity diffusion

no explored identities

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8

identity moratorium

person tries new things (a time period)

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9

identity achievement

commitment to an identity after exploring alternatives

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10

identity foreclosure

committing to an identity w/o exploration, often due to external pressures

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11

intimacy vs isolation

6th stage (early adulthood: 20-39 yrs)

  • healthy relationships that foster companionship, love (platonic/romantic) + honesty bring about social support

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12

generativity vs stagnation

7th stage (adulthood: 40-64 yrs)

  • aim to create things that outlive the indv. + continues to the future (ex. having a child/or a career)

  • stagnation leads to narcissism

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13

integrity vs despair

8th stage (maturity: 65yrs-death)

  • looking back on life, people in this stage may feel satisfied/fulfilled or regretful/disappointed

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