CNA Units 6-12
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72 Terms
What is body mechanics?
Using the body correctly to prevent injury when moving residents or objects.
Why are proper body mechanics important?
To prevent injury to the resident and caregiver.
What should be used when a resident cannot safely support their own weight?
A mechanical lift.
How many staff members are generally required for a mechanical lift?
Two.
What is a Hoyer lift?
A mechanical lift used for residents who cannot bear weight.
What is a sit-to-stand lift?
A lift used for residents who can bear some weight.
What is full weight bearing?
The resident can support their own weight.
What is ambulation?
Walking.
What is a gait belt used for?
To assist with transfers and ambulation safely.
What should be checked before transferring a resident in a wheelchair?
That the wheels are locked.
What is a transfer?
Moving a resident from one surface to another.
What is shearing?
Injury caused when skin stays in place while tissue underneath moves.
How can shearing be prevented?
Use a lift sheet and avoid dragging residents.
What is Fowler's position?
The resident is sitting with the head of the bed elevated.
What is supine position?
Lying flat on the back.
What is prone position?
Lying on the abdomen.
What is lateral position?
Lying on the side.
What is Sims' position?
A semi-prone side-lying position.
What is the CNA's first priority during mobility activities?
Safety.
Where can transfer instructions be found?
In the resident's care plan.
What is a pressure injury?
Damage to skin and tissue caused by pressure.
What is the first sign of a pressure injury?
Non-blanchable redness.
Which area is most at risk for pressure injury in the supine position?
The sacrum.
What is an abduction splint used for?
To maintain proper positioning.
What is a footboard used for?
To help prevent foot drop.
What is the purpose of a resident's room?
To provide comfort, privacy, and a home-like environment.
Why should a resident's belongings be respected?
They are personal property.
What should a CNA do before moving a resident's belongings?
Ask permission.
What is elopement?
When a resident leaves a safe area without supervision.
What is the most important safety responsibility of a CNA?
Prevent injury to residents.
What should a CNA do if they find a resident on the floor?
Stay with the resident and notify the nurse.
What does PASS stand for?
Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep.
What does RACE stand for?
Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish/Evacuate.
What should a CNA do first in a fire?
Rescue anyone in immediate danger.
Why should call lights be answered promptly?
To promote safety and resident well-being.
What is a restraint?
A device or method used to limit movement.
Can a CNA apply a restraint without an order?
No.
What is grooming?
Care that promotes cleanliness and appearance.
Why is grooming important?
It promotes comfort, dignity, and self-esteem.
What should a CNA encourage during personal care?
Resident independence.
What is perineal care?
Cleansing of the genital and rectal areas.
When is perineal care especially important?
After incontinence episodes.
What is a catheter?
A tube used to drain urine from the bladder.
What is an indwelling catheter?
A catheter that remains in the bladder.
What should always remain below the bladder?
The catheter drainage bag.
What is a colostomy?
An opening that allows stool to leave the body into a collection bag.
What is incontinence?
Loss of bladder or bowel control.
What is a bed bath?
Bathing a resident while they remain in bed.
What is oral hygiene?
Care of the mouth and teeth.
Why is oral hygiene important?
To prevent infection and promote comfort.
What should be observed during personal care?
Changes in skin condition.
What is nutrition?
The process of obtaining and using food.
Why is nutrition important?
For energy, growth, healing, and health.
What is dehydration?
A lack of sufficient body fluids.
What are signs of dehydration?
Dry mouth, confusion, dizziness, and decreased urine output.
Why are older adults at higher risk for dehydration?
Reduced thirst sensation and aging changes.
What is aspiration?
Inhaling food or fluid into the lungs.
How can aspiration risk be reduced?
Keep the resident upright while eating and drinking.
What is dysphagia?
Difficulty swallowing.
What should be reported regarding eating and drinking?
Coughing, choking, poor intake, or swallowing difficulty.
What is elimination?
The removal of waste from the body.
What is constipation?
Hard, dry, difficult-to-pass stool.
What is fecal impaction?
A mass of stool that cannot be passed normally.
What is diarrhea?
Frequent loose or watery stools.
What should be reported regarding elimination?
Constipation, diarrhea, blood, pain, or changes in patterns.
What is a normal adult pulse range?
60-100 beats per minute.
What is a normal adult respiration range?
12-20 breaths per minute.
What is a normal oxygen saturation?
95-100%.
What does SOB mean?
Shortness of breath.
What is dyspnea?
Difficulty breathing.
What is a normal oral temperature range?
Approximately 97.6°F-99.6°F.
What should a CNA do if vital signs are abnormal?
Report them to the nurse.