The Tsars
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40 Terms
How old was Nicholas II when he was crowned?
26
Who started the industrialisation process?
Sergei Witte
How did Nicholas II describe himself?
Wholly unfit to rule
What positive qualities did Nicholas have?
Militaristic, loving family man, charming, kind with a strong religious conviction
What negative qualities did Nicholas II have?
Narrow minded, prejudiced, anti-semitic,weak, inconsistent, praised regimes that put down disorder and dinât fit the image of a âtrue russianâ
Who was Nicholas married to?
Princess Alexandra of Hesse and Rhine
Where was Tsarina Alexandra from?
Germany
Who were Nicholasâ children?
Olga, Tatiana,Maria, Anastasia and Tsarvich Alexei
WHat medical condition did Alexei have?
Haemophilia
What did Nicholas do to many talented officials?
dismissed them as he was jealous
What did Nicholas strongly believe in?
His divine right to rule and the autocratic regime
Did Nicholas want to be Tsar?
No
What did Alexander III get the Okhrana to do?
restrict press, and monitor revolutionary and socialist groups
What did temporary regulations and provisional governments allow to happen?
imprison without cause, ban public meetings and exile thousands to Siberia
What did Alexander III do to the Zemstvas?
reduce and eliminate them
Who was Alexander III greatly influenced by?
Pobednostev
Who was made a target by Alexander III?
Jews
What happened to Jews?
Werenât allowed to be doctors or lawyers, very few went to Uni and violence increased
How mony pogroms occured in the reign of Alexander III?
Over 200
What programme did Alexander III introduce?
Russification
What did Russification include?
destroying minority nationalities (Polish, Swedish and Finns), imposed the Russian language in schools that you had to pay for, forbade use of minority languages
what was the illiteratcy rates by 1900?
78%
Under Alexander III how many religions did he want?
1, Russian Orthodox
Why was Alexander III known as the peacemaker?
there were no foreign conflicts
After the assassination, what did Alexander III resolve to never do?
to consider the creation of parliament
Was Alexander III supposed to inherit, why?
No, older brother Nikolay
How did Alexander III limit the capabilities of the Zemstvas?
now supervised by land proprieters, strengthens and centralizes imperial administration
Why was Alexander IIIâs persecution of minorities dangerous?
Russia is diverse, more non russians than russians
what was Alexander II known as?
the reforming Tsar
When are the Dumas established?
1864
when is the emancipation decree?
1861
When is Alska sold to the USA
1867
Alexander II reign dates
1855-61
Alexander III reign dates
1861-94
Nicholas II reign dates
1894-1917
what are the Zemstvos
local councils
what did Alexander II do to the military
modernised it by introducing a new command structure and universal conscription (nobles avoid it)
How did Alexander II die?
by group âland and libertyâ who threw a bomb
who built universities and rail networks
Alexander II
Why was the emancipation of the peasants not good?
peasants had to pay back massive redemption payments, worse off than before