Honors Bio: Photosynthesis Test

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heterotrophs

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heterotrophs

an animal who eats other organism

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autotroph

something that makes its own food

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stroma

nutrient rich liquid in chlorplast

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granum

stack of thylakoids

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thylakoid

internal membrane structures

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where do light reactions occur?

in the thylakoid

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where does the calvin cycle occur?

in the stroma

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photosynthesis equation

6CO2+ 6H2O (in the presence of sunlight)= C6H12O6+ 6O2

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step 1 of light reactions

sun energy in photosystem II is transferred to chlorophyll

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step 2 of light reactions

energy from other chlorophyll bumps out an excited electron from the middle chlorophyll

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step 3 of light reactions

water is split into 2H+ and O, the electron is sent to replace the previous one that was bumped out of the chlorophyll

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step 4 of light reactions

electron is passed through an electron transport chain which pumps hydrogen ions across cell membrane

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step 5 of light reactions

light energy excites chlorophyll in photosystem and another excited electron is bumped out of middle chlorophyll. Chlorophyll's electron is replaced by previous electron from P680.

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reduction reaction

gaining hydrogen

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oxidation reaction

loss of hydrogen

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step 6 of light reactions

excited electrons are passed onto NADP+ and H+, a reduction reaction happens and it becomes NADPH.

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step 7 of light reactions

H+ ions diffuse across the membrane into the enzyme ATP synthase

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step 8 of light reactions

ATP and NADPH move from the thylakoid membrane into the stroma

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step 1 of calvin cycle

enzyme rubisco combines CO2 and RuBP to make an unstable 6 carbon sugar intp 6 3-PGA

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step 2 of calvin cycle

6 NADPH releases electrons and a hydrogen (NADP+) and 6 ATP releases energy (ADP + P) to each 6 3-PGA, forming 6 G3P

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step 3 of calvin cycle

five of the G3P is being reused in the cycle, one of the G3P is pushed aside to make glucose

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step 4 of calvin cycle

a series of reactions that use 3 ATP from light reactions from the light reactions convert the 5 G3P into 3 RuBP to be used to restart the cycle

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rubisco

enzyme that combines CO2 and RuBP together

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excited electron

an electron that gets added energy to it

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