Deck 14 – People Modern Criminological Theories

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Last updated 9:00 AM on 7/26/26
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9 Terms

1
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Edwin Sutherland

  • Developed Differential Association Theory

  • Crime is learned through interaction with others

  • Criminal behaviour is learned, not inherited

2
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Ronald Akers

  • Developed Social Learning Theory

  • Expanded Sutherland's work

  • Added reinforcement and imitation to explain crime

3
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Travis Hirschi

  • Developed Social Bond Theory

  • Asked why people conform rather than offend

  • Strong social bonds reduce crime

4
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Robert Agnew

  • Developed General Strain Theory

  • Strain creates negative emotions

  • Poor coping can lead to offending

5
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Charles Horton Cooley

  • Developed the Looking-Glass Self

  • Identity develops through how we think others see us

6
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Frank Tannenbaum

  • Developed Dramatization of Evil

  • Society's reaction can turn minor rule-breaking into a criminal identity

7
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Edwin Lemert

  • Distinguished Primary Deviance and Secondary Deviance

  • Labels can encourage continued offending

8
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Howard Becker

  • Popularised Labelling Theory

  • Introduced Moral Entrepreneurs

  • Argued deviance is created through social reactions and labels

9
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Learning vs Labelling Theorists

Learning: Sutherland & Akers
Labelling: Cooley, Tannenbaum, Lemert & Becker