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Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI)
A structured tool developed for DSM-5 to assess cultural dimensions that influence mental health.
Biopsychosocial Model
A comprehensive framework for understanding mental disorders that integrates biological, psychological, and social factors.
Psychodynamic Therapy
A therapeutic approach focusing on exploring and resolving unconscious conflicts.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
A form of therapy aimed at identifying and changing dysfunctional thought patterns and behaviors.
Epigenetics
The study of how environmental factors can influence gene expression without altering the DNA sequence.
Evidence-Based Practices
Therapeutic methods that are supported by empirical research and proven to be effective.
Operant Conditioning
A learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.
Neurotransmitters
Chemicals that transmit signals across synapses in the brain, influencing various mental health conditions.
Humanistic Psychology
A psychological perspective emphasizing personal growth and the concept of self-actualization.
Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS)
Research studies that look for associations between specific genetic variations and traits, including mental disorders.
Rorschach Inkblots
A projective psychological test consisting of inkblots used to analyze personality characteristics and emotional functioning.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
A non-invasive treatment method that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
A psychological theory proposing that individuals must meet basic needs before achieving personal growth and self-actualization.
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
An invasive treatment technique involving the implantation of electrodes in the brain to treat various neurological and psychiatric conditions.
Operant Conditioning
A learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.
Cognitive Triad
In CBT, the three components (negative thoughts about self, the world, and the future) that contribute to depression.
Cultural Competence
The ability of mental health professionals to understand and effectively respond to cultural differences in clinical practice.
Mitochondrial Inheritance
The genetic transmission of traits through mitochondrial DNA, typically inherited from the mother.
Psychotropic Medications
Drugs used to treat mental disorders by targeting specific neurotransmitter systems in the brain.
Behavior Modification
Application of learning principles to change maladaptive behaviors through reinforcement or punishment.
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
A projective test that uses ambiguous pictures to elicit stories from the subject, revealing their underlying thoughts and feelings.
Default Network
A network of brain regions that is active when a person is not focused on the outside world and is engaged in internal tasks.
Cultural Features in Clinician-Patient Relationships
The ways in which cultural factors influence the interaction between clinicians and their patients.
Conditioning
A behavioral process of learning associations between stimuli and responses.
Psychosocial Stressors
Factors from one's social environment and life situation that can contribute to mental distress.
