Properties of Solids

These flashcards cover the properties of solids, the behavior of various crystalline materials when heated, and the distinctions between ionic, atomic, and amorphous solids.

What are solids characterized by at laboratory conditions?

Solids are characterized by being in a solid state.

What happens to CuSO4x5H2O when heated?

It changes color from blue to white, and small white crystals form at the cooler part of the test tube.

What is the appearance of NH4Cl?

NH4Cl appears as a white crystalline substance.

What observable change occurs when heating KClO3?

KClO3 decomposes to form KCl and O2 gas.

What is the chemical equation for the decomposition of KClO3?

2KClO3 (s) → 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g)

What type of change is observed when heating solids?

It involves chemical changes.

What are ionic crystals composed of?

Ionic crystals are composed of ions.

What are the dominant interactions in ionic crystals?

Coulombic attractive forces.

What physical property allows ionic compounds to conduct electricity?

Ionic solutions and melts can conduct electric current.

How can we determine the purity of a compound?

By examining its melting point.

What defines crystalline solids?

They have a well-defined shape and clear melting points.

What is the structure of atomic crystals?

They consist of a covalently bonded network of atoms.

What is a characteristic of amorphous solids?

They have a poorly defined shape with irregular internal arrangement.

What is the melting point range like for amorphous solids?

They have a melting point in a certain temperature interval.

What results from heating CuSO4x5H2O?

It decomposes into CuSO4 and water.

What type of crystal structure do metallic crystals have?

They have a regularly repeating unit cell in all three spatial directions.

What is significant about the particles that make up crystals?

They can be atoms, ions, or molecules.

What is a chemical evidence for the decomposition of NH4Cl?

NH4Cl(s) ↔ NH3(g) + HCl(g).

What is the physical property of ionic crystals in terms of hardness?

They exhibit high hardness and melting points.

What indicates a crystalline solid's quality of being a crystal?

The presence of a well-defined form and specific melting point.

What happens during the heating of a crystal observed through sound?

Popping sounds and glowing when immersed in a heated test tube.