Enzyme 6 major classes plus defined types

Oxidoreductases

Oxidation-reduction reactions

Transferases

Transfer atoms or amino groups

Hydrolases

Hydrolysis reactions

Lyases

Add or remove atoms/groups

Isomerases

Rearrangement

Ligases

Use atp to combine molecules

Oxidase

Catalyzes oxidation of a substrate

Reductase

Catalyzes reduction of a substrate

Dehydrogenase

Removes two hydrogen atoms to form a double bond

Transaminase

Transfers an amino group

Kinase

Transfers a phosphate group between substrates

Lipase

Hydrolyzes lipid ester bonds

Protease

Hydrolyzes peptide bonds in proteins

Nuclease

Hydrolyzes sugar-phosphate bonds in nucleic acids

Carbohydrase

Hydrolyzes glycosidic bonds

Phosphase

Hydrolyzes phosphate ester bonds

Dehydratase

Removes water

Decarboxylase

Removes CO2

Deaminase

Removes NH3

Hydratase

Adds water

Racemases

Converts D to L isomers or vice versa

Mutases

Transfers functional groups within the same molecule

Synthetase

Forms a new bond between two substrates using atp

Carboxylase

Forms a new bond between CO2 and a substrate using atp

Trypsin

Cleaves after Lys/Arg

Chymotrypsin

After aromatic AAs

Thermolysin

Cleaves before hydrophobic AAs

Endoprotease

General cleaving inside chain

Pepsin

Cleaves peptide bonds

Lactase

Hydrolyzes lactose into glucose and galactose

Amylase

Breaks down amylose

Chymotrypsin

Cleaves Phe, Tyr, Thr

Optimum temperature

The temperature at which an enzyme exhibits maximum activity

Optimum pH

pH at which enzyme exhibits maximum activity

Allosteric enzyme

Enzyme in a reaction sequence binds a regular molecule