Biology Lab Exam Study Guide 1

Packet 1: prokaryotes and eukaryotes

What is Cell Theory?

1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.

2. The cell is the fundamental unit of life

3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells

Prokaryote cells have/has

nucleiod

Eukaryote cells have/has

-nucleus

-organelles

All Life cells have

-DNA

-Ribosome

-Cytoplasm

-Cytosol

-Cell Membrane

Life can be organized into 2 groups. Name both groups.

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Do all cells have a nucleus?

No, Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles.

What makes a eukaryotic cell different from a prokaryotic cell?

Eukaryotic cells have the nucleus separated from the membrane. Prokaryotic cells lack a nuclear membrane.

All life can be organized into what 3 domains?

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

The earliest evidence of life was a… (P or E)

Prokaryote

Which cells are generally smaller? (P or E)

prokaryotic cells

Compartmentalization within the cell is the defining characteristic of a? (P or E)

Eukaryote

Define Nucleoid. (AKA nucleus)

contains the DNA but is non membrane-bound

Which organisms have a nucleoid? (P or E)

prokaryotes

What are the small dots called in bacteria cells?

ribosomes

Flagellum has a tall like structure. What is the purpose of this structure?

To help the cell move (movement)

List 5 similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

1. Plasma

2. Cell Membrane

3. Chromosomes

4. Ribosomes

5. Cytoplasm

List 2 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Prokaryotes have no nucleus, no membrane bound organelles, and no cytoskeleton

Eukaryotes have a nucleus, membrane bound organelles, and cytoskeleton