Petrology 1st Exam Definitions

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10 Terms

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Magma

A natural, mobile, hot melt composed of a mutual solution of rock-forming materials, volatiles that are held in solution by pressure, and perhaps some solids.

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Petrology

A general term for the study of the origin and history of rocks by possible methods.

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Lithology

The study of rocks based on megascope examination of rock samples.

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Petrography

The description of rocks using a polarized light microscope.

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Extensive Property

additive; depend on the amount of matter.

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Intensive Property

Not additive; independent of the amount of matter and have a definite value at each point.

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Texture

The size, shape, and interrelationships of the minerals in a rock.

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Invariant Point

A point in a phase diagram where 3 phases coexist. P=3 F=0

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Univariant

A point on a phase diagram where 2 phases coexist. P=2 F=1

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Divariant

A point on a phase diagram where 1 phase coexists. P=1 F=2.