Industrialization and the Era of Good Feelings

These flashcards cover key concepts, figures, events, and movements related to the Industrial Revolution and the Era of Good Feelings in American history.

What did the term "Era of Good Feelings" refer to?

A period in American history marked by a sense of national unity and political harmony.

When did the U.S. start industrializing?

Industrialization began in the early 19th century, primarily after the War of 1812.

What is industrialization?

The process of developing industries in a country or region on a wide scale.

Why was industrialization considered an important revolution?

Because it transformed economies from primarily agricultural to industrial, leading to urbanization and changes in social structures.

What is Neo-Hamiltonianism?

A term describing the revival of Hamilton's economic policies after the War of 1812, which encouraged federal investment and protectionist tariffs.

What was the significance of the first protectionist tariff in 1816?

It marked the beginning of government intervention to protect American industries from foreign competition.

Who was Henry Clay and what did he advocate for?

Henry Clay was a politician who argued for the 'American System' of economics to promote national growth through infrastructure and manufacturing.

What were some early industrialization innovators?

Samuel Slater, known as the 'father of American industry,' and Eli Whitney, known as the 'father of the American System of Manufacturing.'

What did Eli Whitney invent in 1793?

The cotton gin.

What were the consequences of the cotton gin for the South?

Increased slavery, little diversification, and minimal industrial development.

What conditions did the early industrial workers face?

Long hours, difficult working conditions, and low wages.

What was the Erie Canal and its significance?

Built from 1817-1825, it connected the Great Lakes to New York City, facilitating trade and transportation.

What impact did the industrial revolution have on urbanization?

It caused a rapid increase in the urban population and the creation of more towns.

What was the communication revolution?

Advancements in communication such as the telegraph, which facilitated the exchange of information and coordination.

What did the Missouri Crisis concern?

A conflict between North and South over whether Missouri would be admitted as a free or slave state.

What was the outcome of the Missouri Compromise?

It maintained the balance between free and slave states by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.

What change occurred regarding attitudes towards childhood during industrialization?

Childhood became viewed as a distinct stage of life, worthy of support and education.

What were the contributions of Horace Mann and Noah Webster in education?

Horace Mann advocated for common schools, and Noah Webster promoted nationalist education.

What was a major difference between the North and South regarding industrialization?

The South was not industrializing and was instead reliant on agriculture, particularly cotton production.