Common Canine Vaccines and Diseases

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts, diseases, clinical signs, and vaccination schedules from the Canine Vaccines lecture notes.

DA2PP(L)

A common combination vaccine for dogs that protects against Distemper, Adenovirus (CAV-2), Parainfluenza, Parvovirus, and Leptospirosis.

Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)

A virus closely related to measles that causes distemper in dogs, coyotes, foxes, ferrets, skunks, and raccoons, beginning with fever and nasal discharge before potentially invading the nervous system.

Hard Pads

A condition characterized by hyperkeratosis and hardening of the footpads, seen in worsening cases of Canine Distemper Virus infection.

Dental Enamel Hypoplasia

Permanent damage to and pitting of developing tooth enamel caused by Canine Distemper Virus infection in young animals.

Chewing Gum Fits

Neurologic seizures and involuntary jaw twitching caused by Canine Distemper Virus invading the central nervous system.

Distemper Isolation Period

A recommended minimum isolation of 3 months for puppies suspected of having distemper to prevent spreading the virus to other animals through viral shedding.

Canine Parvovirus (CPV-2)

An acute, highly contagious virus causing enteritis characterized by fever, anorexia, severe vomiting, and profuse bloody diarrhea.

Parvovirus Villous Atrophy

Severe destruction of intestinal villi by parvovirus, which severely impairs water and nutrient absorption and leads to bloody diarrhea and vomiting.

Parvovirus Shedding Duration

The timeframe during which canine parvovirus is shed in the feces of an infected animal, lasting for 3 weeks after the onset of clinical symptoms.

Parvovirus Vaccination Schedule

A vaccination protocol using modified live vaccines (MLV) for puppies starting at 6 to 8 weeks with a final booster between 16 and 20 weeks, or killed vaccines for pregnant dogs or puppies under 6 weeks.

Leptospira spp.

A genus of bacteria causing leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease transmitted through contact with urine-contaminated soil, water, food, bedding, or tissues.

Leptospirosis Vaccination Restrictions

Guidelines advising against administering the leptospirosis vaccine to dogs under 12 weeks of age or under 12 lbs due to a higher risk of adverse vaccine reactions.

Rabies Virus

A fatal zoonotic virus affecting the nervous system, maintained primarily in raccoons, bats, foxes, and skunks, and spread through infected saliva via bite wounds.

Prodromal Phase

The initial rabies phase lasting a few days, characterized by subtle behavior changes, anxiety, apprehension, personality flips, fever, and excessive licking of the bite wound.

Furious Phase

The second phase of rabies lasting 1 to 7 days, marked by restlessness, aggression, vicious behavior, hypersensitivity to stimuli, roaming, seizures, and disorientation.

Paralytic Phase

The final phase of rabies occurring within 2 to 4 days of initial signs, featuring progressive paralysis of the face and neck, inability to swallow, hypersalivation, choking appearance, and fatal respiratory failure.

Rabies Quarantine Period

A mandatory 10-day holding and observation period for any domestic animal that bites a person to evaluate for clinical signs of rabies before potential brain testing.