CognitivePsychology01Introduction

What is the main focus of cognitive psychology as defined by Ulric Neisser?

Cognitive psychology is concerned with mental processes like perception, thinking, learning, and memory, particularly with respect to the internal events occurring between sensory stimulation and behavior.

What are the three traditionally identified components of the mind according to the APA definition of cognition?

Cognition, affect, and conation.

What does the term 'top-down processing' refer to in cognitive psychology?

Top-down processing is guided by the cognitive framework and internal cognitive states.

What is the concept of 'parallel processing' in the context of cognitive psychology?

Parallel processing refers to the brain's ability to process multiple incoming stimuli of differing quality simultaneously.

Who coined the phrase 'ghost in the machine' in relation to mind-body dualism?

Gilbert Ryle used the term to critique Descartes' notion of mind-body dualism.

What key event in cognitive psychology took place in 1868?

Donders conducted the first cognitive psychology experiment, measuring reaction time in a selection task.

What is the significance of the cognitive revolution in psychology?

The cognitive revolution, starting in the 1950s, aimed to scientifically study mental concepts instead of only observable behavior.

Which philosopher's ideas contributed to the mind-body dualism theory?

Rene Descartes elaborated on the concept of mind-body dualism.

What is serial processing in cognitive psychology?

Serial processing refers to the ability to attend to and process only one item at a time.

What does the Stroop effect demonstrate in terms of cognitive processing?

The Stroop effect shows that people are slower to respond when the meaning of a word conflicts with its font color, demonstrating the interaction of top-down and bottom-up processing.