WEEK_2

What is the key difference between ethics and morality?

Ethics refers to the study or field of inquiry related to morality, while morality encompasses the principles of right and wrong behavior.

What is anencephaly?

a severe genetic disorder where a significant portion of the brain is missing, leading to infants being born with malformed brains and skulls.

What was Baby Theresa’s parents' unusual request?

They volunteered her organs for immediate transplant, believing it would benefit other children in need.

What principle do many ethicists appeal to when opposing organ donation from individuals like Baby Theresa?

The principle that one cannot use a person as a means to an end.

What is the 'Benefits Argument' in Baby Theresa's case?

If we can benefit someone without harming anyone else, we ought to do so; thus, transplanting Theresa's organs would benefit others without harming her.

What is the structure of a valid argument?

its structure guarantees that if the premises are true, then the conclusion must also be true.

What makes an argument sound?

An argument is sound if it is valid and has true premises.

How is brain death defined in the context of organ donation?

Brain death is now understood as the cessation of all brain functions, which is a criterion for legal death.

What did the judges rule in the case of Jodie and Mary regarding the sanctity of human life?

They ruled that it was not the separation that would kill Mary, but rather her own body's weakness.

What are the three conditions under which exceptions to the sanctity of human life might be considered?

(a) The innocent human has no future; (b) they have no wish to continue living; (c) the act of killing will save others who can live full lives.