Laryngopharynx & Larynx

What part of the pharynx are we in & label

The laryngeal skeleton is made up of the hyoid bone & how many unpaired & paired cartilages

3 each

Unpaired:

• Epiglottis

• Thyroid

• Cricoid

Paired

• Arytenoids

• Corniculate

• Triticeal

Upper free margin of the quadrangular membrane is thickened to form what

the aryepiglottic folds

Lower free margin of the quadrangular membrane forms what

the vestibular ligaments

What forms core of the vestibular folds

quadrangular membrane

What forms the vocal ligament which forms the vocal folds

Superior free margin of cricothyroid membrane

Anterior midline of Cricothyroid membrane is thick to form what

median cricothyroid ligament

What is produced in laryngeal spaces

Mucus

Possible problem that arises in laryngeal spaces

Cysts

What muscles tense, relax, abduct & adduct the vocal folds

Cricothyroid (tense)

Thyroarytenoid (relax)

Posterior cricoarytenoid (abduct)

Lateral cricoarytenoid (adduct)

Motor and sensory innervation is to the larynx is all done by branches from 1 main nerve and 2 of its branches. What is it & what are the branches

Vagus nerve CNX

Branches:

• Superior laryngeal nerve

• Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Vagus nerve = king of the larynx,
through its superior laryngeal and recurrent laryngeal branches.

What supplies sensory innervation to the larynx

internal laryngeal nerve (Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve) → sensory to:

Mucosa above the vocal folds

Epiglottis

Aryepiglottic folds

Piriform recess, etc.

(sensory to supraglottis & glottis)

What supplies motor innervation to the larynx & sensory innervation to the infraglottic space

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Motor to all intrinsic laryngeal muscles (except cricothyroid)

Sensory to mucosa below the vocal folds (i.e., infraglottic space)

What supplies motor innervation to the cricothyroid

External laryngeal nerve (External branch of superior laryngeal nerve)

Paralysis of recurrent laryngeal results in

inability to abduct the focal folds on same side

- Cord on that side falls into ‘neutral’ position

- Hoarseness

- N.B. Aortic arch aneurysm

Blood supply to supraglottic internal larynx

Superior Laryngeal artery

Branches:

External carotid artery

↓

Superior thyroid artery

↓

Superior laryngeal artery

Blood supply to infraglottic internal larynx

Inferior laryngeal artery

Branches:

• Subclavian artery
  ↓

• Thyrocervical trunk
  ↓

• Inferior thyroid artery
  ↓

• Inferior laryngeal artery

What is venous drainage for the the larynx like

Venous drainage parallels arterial supply

Explain lymph drainage from the larynx