VM390 VTNE Homework

An overgrowth of scar tissue at the site of injury is known as:

keloid

A dog that weighs 10 kg would have approximately how much blood?

800 mL

(7-8% of BW in kg=blood vol in mL)

Dogs have how many cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae?

7 cervical, 13 thoracic, 7 lumbar

A group of turkeys is referred to as which of the following?

rafter

Which of these common radiology terms refers to a negatively charged electrode that produces electrons in the x-ray tube?

cathode

Which of the following is an example of a buffer?

ammonia

Which of the following species lacks an epiglottis?

amazon parrot

A female calf (usually sterile) born twin to a bull calf is referred to as a:

freemartin

An immature goose of either sex is referred to as which of the following?

gosling

Which of the following definitions correctly defines the term wether?

a castrated male ovine

Which of the following terms describes a substance produced by one tissue or by one group of cells that is carried by the bloodstream to another tissue or organ to affect its physiological functions such as metabolism or growth?

hormone

endorphin

protein

enzyme

hormones

Which of the following is the largest unit of measure?

Question 12 options:

Microgram

Milligram

Gram

Kilogram

kilogram

A nephroblastoma refers to which of the following?

a rapidly developing tumor of the kidney that is most often malignant

All of the following procedures can be completed with a feline patient in sternal recumbency except:

Administration of ophthalmic medications

SQ injections

Cystocentesis

Cleaning ears

cystocentesis

_______________ is a primitive blood cell.

Question 15 options:

Hematopoiesis

Hematoblast

Hemoglobin

Hemolysis

hematoblast ?

Essential nutrients can be divided into how many categories?

6

Why is hay an important part of the rabbit diet?

Contains indigestible fiber that helps with weight management, dental disease, and gut health

Which device for measuring blood pressure is used to obtain manual blood pressure measurements, turning blood flow into an audible signal?

doppler ultrasound

The overingestion of fats may contribute to:

pancreatitis

What device is used to restrain cattle?

chute

A calorie is a very small unit that is not of practical use in the science of animal nutrition. The commonly used unit of measure is the kilocalorie (kcal). One kcal is equal to how many calories?

1000 calories

Horses have how many cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae?

7 cervical, 18 thoracic, 6 lumbar

A complete radiographic series in the turtle and tortoise include which of the following views?

Anterior-posterior, dorsoventral, and lateral

A cat requires 60 mg of a liquid medication of strength 120 mg/mL. What quantity of the medication should be administered?

0.5 mL

Which structure will not allow blood vessels and nerves to pass through?

facet

A ferret presents to the emergency clinic for anorexia, vomiting, lethargy, diarrhea, and generalized weakness. The owner stated that these symptoms started 36 hours earlier. A GI foreign body is suspected. Which of the following diagnostics would be used

radiography

Which of the following factors is most important in the nutritional management of inflammatory skin disorders?

Assessment of current foods being fed and identification of an appropriate feeding plan

A bridge that forms as part of the healing process across the two halves of a bone fracture is known as a:

callus

A male guinea pig is known as a:

boar

Treatment of acute pancreatitis includes administration of intravenous fluid therapy, analgesics, antiemetics, mucosal protectants, and antibiotics to prevent secondary sepsis. Treatment also includes which of the following?

feeding a bland, low fat diet

Understanding common conversions from the metric system, used in veterinary medicine, to the common household systems of measurement can be helpful when instructing clients about dosage. Which of the following is equal to 30 mL?

1 oz

Which of the following is the series of joint, segment, and whole-body movements used for locomotion?

gait

Inadequate intake of protein and energy may result in:

hair loss and dry, dull hair coat

A deficiency in antidiuretic hormone causes:

diabetes insipidus

A cystocentesis refers to the:

Collection of urine directly from the bladder through a surgical puncture

If a patient presents with a heart murmur that can heard with the stethoscope bell slightly off of the thoracic wall, which grade would the heart murmur receive?

6/6

A stone found in the stomach is a:

Gastrolith

A young male chicken between 10 and 32 weeks of age is referred to as:

cockerel

Which of the following clinical signs might a cow in pain exhibit?

Dullness and depression

Inappetance and grinding teeth

A stance with one foot behind the other

All of the above

all of the above

What layer of bone tissue is necessary for the attachment of ligaments and tendons?

periosteum

A disease that is not caused by microorganisms but is usually a result of a disturbance in the normal metabolism of the animal is:

noninfectious disease

Which of the following are considered as types of chemical bonds?

Covalent bonds

Ionic bonds

Hydrogen bonds

All of the choices are considered types of chemical bonds

all of the above

A benign tumor that is composed of newly formed blood vessels is known as:

hemangioma

Osteomalacia is known as:

softening of the bones

An atypical heart sound associated with a functional or structural valve abnormality is known as:

murmur

Which of the following describes a canine patient experiencing a fever?

97.8° F when presenting with pyometra

100.2° F after being left in a warm car for 30 minutes

103.9° F when presenting with septic peritonitis

105.7° F after exercising in heat

103.9° F when presenting with septic peritonitis

Cataracts result from a problem with transparency of the:

lens

A blood cell that has both pale red and blue granules visible in the cytoplasm is known as a/an:

neutrophil

A concretion is correctly described as:

A solid or calcified mass formed by disease found in a body cavity or tissue

A dog weighs 88 lb. What is this dog's weight in kilograms?

40 kg

What is the half-life of fructosamine?

1-2 weeks

What biochemical tests are not considered part of a primary hepatic profile?

BUN and creatinine

Cholestatic enzymes

Hepatocellular leakage enzymes

Total protein and albumin

BUN and creatinine

When collecting blood for a coagulation profile, it is especially important to:

Minimize vascular trauma during venipuncture

Prerenal azotemia is:

Dehydration without true impared kidney function

Stage 1 renal disease

Urinary tract infection that is affecting kidney function

Dehydration with true impaired kidney function

dehydration without true impaired kidney function

The main function of bicarbonate is to:

Question 5 options:

Maintain the proper osmotic pressure of fluids in the body

Maintain normal muscular function

Maintain normal cardiac rhythm and contractility

Maintain balanced body pH levels

Maintain balanced body pH levels

Bile acids aid in the absorption of:

Question 6 options:

Proteins

Carbohydrates

Fats

Globulins

fats

Which of the following is an important function of bacterial flagella?

Question 7 options:

Attachment

Locomotion

DNA replication

Ion transport

locomotion

Which parasite only uses the cat as its definitive host?

Question 8 options:

Toxoplasma gondii

Giardia lamblia

Isospora rivolta

Balantidium coli

toxoplasma gondii

Which urolith is becoming quite common in cats?

Question 9 options:

Oxalate

Silica

Urate

Urate

oxalate

A variation in erythrocyte size is known as:

Question 10 options:

Polycytosis

Anisocytosis

Poikilocytosis

Erythrocytosis

anisocytosis

Generally, endotoxins are products of:

Question 11 options:

Viruses

Gram-negative bacteria

Gram-positive bacteria

Fungi

gram negative bacteria

Anuria is:

Question 12 options:

Decreased urine output

Decreased drinking

Complete lack of urine production

Excessive drinking

complete lack of urine production

Stress and epinephrine release in cats might cause an increase in:

Question 13 options:

BUN

Total protein

ALT

ALT

Blood levels of total bilirubin will not be a significant finding in:

Question 14 options:

Hepatocellular damage

Bile duct injury or obstruction

Hemolytic disorders

Acute pancreatitis

acute pancreatitis

A large ciliate protozoa that may be found in swine feces is:

Question 15 options:

Balantidium species

Trichomonas species

Giardia species

Histomonas species

Balantidium species

A higher than normal blood level of nitrogen-containing compounds in the blood is described as:

Question 16 options:

Bilirubinuria

Azotemia

Hydruria

Natriuresis

azotemia

Anaphylactic shock is:

Question 17 options:

A mild reaction that causes destruction of erythrocytes

A moderate reaction that causes hives

A severe, life-threatening reaction that occurs seconds after an antigen enters the circulation

A severe reaction caused by rapid loss of large volumes of blood or other bodily fluid

A severe, life-threatening reaction that occurs seconds after an antigen enters the circulation

The kennel cough syndrome in dogs is often caused by a combination of boarding at a kennel, a viral infection, and infection with:

Bordetella bronchiseptica

When using Diff-Quik to stain bone marrow smears, it is especially important to

Question 19 options:

Use freshly filtered stain

Dip the smear twice as long as blood smears

Rinse thoroughly with distilled water

Let the smear dry for 30 minutes before staining

Dip the smear twice as long as blood smears

Which species includes common contaminants and is the causative agent of anthrax?

Question 20 options:

Escherichia

Corynebacterium

Bacillus

Enterobacter

Bacillus

With which of the following is the humoral immune system involved?

Question 21 options:

Monocytes

B cells

T cells

Erythrocytes

B cells

Calcium carbonate crystals are often seen in ___ urine.

Question 22 options:

Dog

Horse

Cat

Cattle

horse

Bile acids aid in the digestion of

Question 23 options:

Proteins

Carbohydrates

Fats

Globulins

fats

Baylisascaris procyonis larvae have been shown to cause _________ in humans.

Question 24 options:

Pneumonia

Hemolytic anemia

Brain damage

Bloody diarrhea

brain damage

Cats exposed to feline leukemia virus typically respond in any of the following ways, except:

Question 25 options:

Not becoming infected at all

Becoming temporarily infected, developing immunity, and overcoming the infection

Becoming infected and continuing to shed the virus indefinitely without becoming ill

Becoming infected, becoming ill within 3 days, and dying within a week

Becoming infected, becoming ill within 3 days, and dying within a week

How do transfusion reactions in the cat differ from transfusion reactions in the dog?

Question 26 options:

Transfusions are more severe in the cat

Transfusions are more acute in the dog

Cats suffer from severe pruritus

Transfusions are more severe in the dog

Transfusions are more severe in the cat

An iodine scrub on skin would result in:

Question 27 options:

Antisepsis

Disinfection

Fumigation

Sterilization

antisepsis

What is the predominant method for the transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus in cats?

Question 28 options:

Grooming

Bite wounds

Urine

Feces

bite sounds

The best urine collection method to assess the patency of the urethra is

Question 29 options:

Catheterization

Manual expression

Free catch

Cystocentesis

catheterization

The appearance of calcium oxalate crystals are described as:

Question 30 options:

Hexagonal

Dark, needlelike rods

Brown spheres with long spicules

Small squares that contain an X

small squares that contain an X

Kidney disease results in accumulation of metabolic waste in the blood, a condition known as:

Question 31 options:

Azotemia

Bilirubinemia

Hypernatremia

Hyperkalemia

azotemia

Which of fluid sample is the major vehicle for the transporting of toxicants within the body?

Question 32 options:

Blood / Plasma

Feces

Hair

Urine

urine

Bacterial endospores are:

Question 33 options:

Resistant to heat and desiccation

A form of asexual reproduction

A consequence of mating

Highly susceptible to antiseptics

Resistant to heat and desiccation

How quickly must slides evaluating bone marrow samples be made if EDTA is used?

Question 34 options:

1 hour

Immediately

15 minutes

EDTA cannot be used for bone marrow samples

immediately

What laboratory test evaluates primary hemostasis?

Question 35 options:

Activated clotting time

Activated partial thromboplastin time

Buccal mucosal bleeding time

One-step prothrombin time

Buccal mucosal bleeding time

What species has multiple forms of reticulocytes?

Question 36 options:

Horse

Cow

Cat

Dog

cats

Which of these is not a random laboratory error?

Question 37 options:

Variation in glassware

Electronic or optical inconsistency

Anisocytosis

Contamination

anisocytosis

Basophilic stippling is often associated with:

Question 38 options:

Lead poisoning

Autoimmune disease

Anemia

Neoplasia

lead poisoning

Which of the following is a breakdown product of hemoglobin?

Question 39 options:

Bilirubin

Erythropoietin

Urea

Carotene

bilirubin

Which of the following statements regarding casts is incorrect?

Question 40 options:

A few hyaline or granular casts may be seen in normal urine

All casts are cylindric with parallel sides

Casts dissolve in acidic urine

Casts may be disrupted with high-speed centrifugation and rough sample handling

casts dissolve in acidic urine

Which of the following is not considered an electrolyte?

Question 41 options:

Calcium

Sodium

Potassium

Chloride

calcium

Which of the following ticks is considered a single host tick?

Question 42 options:

Boophilus annulatus

Otobius megnini

Ixodid sp.

Argasidae sp.

Boophilus annulatus

Which statement is false concerning the collection of a plasma sample for a blood chemistry analysis?

Question 43 options:

If a needle and syringe are used, hemolysis can be minimized by removing the needle from the syringe before discharging the blood into a sample tube.

Volume changes caused by evaporation can be minimized by keeping the cap on the blood collection tube as much as possible.

To separate, allow the sample to clot for approximately 30 minutes; gently remove the clot from the sides of the tube, centrifuge, and then remove the plasma.

Avoid lipemia by fasting the animal before collecting the sample.

To separate, allow the sample to clot for approximately 30 minutes; gently remove the clot from the sides of the tube, centrifuge, and then remove the plasma.

Coagulation tests would be useful for diagnosing:

Question 44 options:

Rodenticide poisoning

Thyroid function

Adrenal function

Ethylene glycol poisoning

Rodenticide poisoning

to separate serum, whole blood should be spun down in a centrifuge at:

Question 45 options:

4,500 rpm for 30 minutes

10,000 rpm for 10 minutes

8,500 rpm for 30 minutes

2,500 rpm for 10 minutes

2,500 rpm for 10 minutes

What are the two diagnostic forms of Giardia?

Question 46 options:

Cysts and trophozoites

Merozoites and schizonts

Oocysts and sporocysts

Ova and L3 larvae

Cysts and trophozoites

What laboratory test evaluates kidney function and is a breakdown product of protein?

Question 47 options:

Glucose

SGTP (ALT)

Creatinine

BUN

BUN

What are two examples of anticholinergic drugs?

Question 48 options:

Propofol and ketamine

Atropine and glycopyrrolate

Cyclosporine and mycophenolate

Dexdomitor and antisedan

atropine and glycopyrrolate

An example of capillary action is:

Question 49 options:

The blood coursing through smaller veins

The perfusion of mucous membranes

The action of blood filling a hematocrit tube

Removing serum from a clot with a pipette

The perfusion of mucous membranes

What tissue processes B cells before they are sent to peripheral lymphoid tissue?

Question 50 options:

GLNB

GALB

GALT

GLAN

GALT