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Triple Entente
A military alliance between Great Britain, France, and Russia in WWI
Triple Alliance (Central Powers)
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Italy
Empire
an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress.
Military Alliance
international agreement concerning the national security of the contracted parties
The Shot Heard Round the World
the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand shot by 18-year-old Gavrillo Princip. The trigger action of WWI.
The British Empire
England + its colonies (Ireland, N. America, Asia, Africa, Caribbean)
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Empire in which a dual monarchy was set up in order to bring compromise to a series of different ethnicities.
Ottoman Empire
A Muslim empire based in Turkey that lasted from the 1300s to 1922.
Russian Empire
An Empire that stretched from the Baltic Sea to the Pacific Ocean ruled by the Romanovs until 1907
monarchy
authority in one royal person
republic
authority in the people
Western Front
Most fighting was done here. A line of trenches divided the Allied forces from the central powers between France and Germany.
Military Campaign
Large scale, significant strategy, plans, operations or battles during a war
Military front
a region, narrow band of land where armies fight.
Eastern Front
Longest front in WWI and saw some of the heaviest casualties. The primary battleground where Allied Russians fought central powers.
Naval Warfare
battles at sea
The British Naval Blockade of WWI
british ships blocking ships from reaching german ports. Seen as an unfair tactic against the rules of war.
The Rules of War
Rules set out for wars so that wars don't become out of hand or inhumane
Germany's unrestricted U-boat campaign
German U-boats (submarines) destroyed allied ships, military and civilians.
War Crimes
an action carried out during the conduct of a war that violates accepted international rules of war.
Flag of Truce
flag consisting of a piece of white cloth that is hoisted as a sign of surrender
Christmas truce
During World War I, on Christmas Day both sides stopped fighting and joined together peacefully for Christmas.
Tsar Nicholas II
Last emperor of Russia. assassinated during WWI
Bolsheviks
A group of revolutionary Russian Marxists who took control of Russia's government in November 1917
Communism
A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state.
Vladimir Lenin
Leader of the Bolsheviks
President Woodrow Wilson
President of the United States during WWI and kept the US neutral for the most part.
armstice
An agreement to stop fighting
Austrian Hungarian bombards Serbia - WWI beggins
July 28, 1914
Trenches
Deep ditches used in battle for cover against enemy gunfire. built in a zigzag pattern
Munitions
war materials, such as weapons
Propaganda
Biased presentation of information in order to promote an idea.
Patriotism
love of one's country
Britain enters WWI
When Germany invaded France via Belgium
African Colonies WWI
Allies invade German-controlled colonies and vice-versa.
Schliffen plan
German plan for quick defeat of France through Belgium
Odessa and Sevastopol
Russian ports in the Black Sea bombarded by the Ottoman Empire.
HMS Dreadnought
Britain responded in 1906 by launching this, the most powerful warship in the world
Caucasus mountains
A mountain system in southeastern Europe between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea where the Russian invaded the Ottoman Empire
Falkland Islands
A group of islands in the southern Atlantic off the coast of Argentina where the Bristish sank German ships in 1914.
Japan in WWI
Japan joined on the Allied side, with the guarantee of taking over German Pacific colonies.
Italy in WWI
Part of Central Powers at the beginning later joined Allies because they promised them land from Austria-Hungary.
Poland WWI
Was invaded by the Germans during the battles of Tannenberg and the Masurian lakes
The South Pacific islands of Samoa and New Zealand
Were German colonies that surrendered to Australian and New Zealand's allied troops.
The Russian army during WWI
Was very large but poorly supplied and led by untrained soldiers.
German army
Well equipped with trained soldiers and sophisticated military tactics.
Battle of Tannenberg
This battle was a German victory against the Russian, the Russians were crushed as they sent uncoded messages and were easily defeated.
U-boats
The Germany weapon that would eventually help bring the United States in WWI
Heligoland Bight
First naval battle in WWI. The British sink 3 German cruisers.
Plan XVII
French plan to invade Germany through Alsace-Lorraine
Battle of Ypres
The last major battle of WWI
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