Skin disorders and diseases

Acne

Chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands

Albinism

Total or partial absence of pigment in hair, skin, and eyes

Allergic contact dermatitis

An allergy to a chemical or ingredient, usually caused by repeated contact

Anaerobic

Can’t survive in the presence of oxygen

Anhidrosis

Perspiration deficiency usually caused by autonomic damage or disorder

Bromhidrosis

Abnormally foul smell in high-perspiration areas caused by bacteria

Basal cell carcinoma

The most common and least severe skin cancer, characterized by pearly nodules

Bulla

Large blister containing watery fluid, requires emergency referral

Chloasma

Symmetrical, flat spots of hyperpigmentation, generally caused by aging or sun exposure

Ciatrix

Also known as a scar, a lightly raised mark left after a wound has healed over

Conjuctivitis

Also called pinkeye, infection in the eye, can be very contagious

Crust

A scab made of dead wounds, accumulation of sebum and pus

Cyst

Closed, irregularly developed sac filled with fluid, pus, semifluid, or morbid matter

Dermatitis

Inflammatory condition of the skin

Eczema

Inflammatory condition, often chronic, characterized by inflammation, scaling, and itching

Epidermoid cyst

Also known as sebaceous cyst; large, protruding, pocket-like lesion filled with keratin

Excoriation

Sore or abrasion caused by scratching or scraping

Extrinsic factors

Environmental factors contributing to aging

Fissure

Crack in the skin

Free radicals

Unstable molecules that cause biochemical aging (wrinkles and skin sag)

Herpes simplex 1

A recurring infection appearing as a cold sore or fever blister

Hyperhidrosis

Excessive sweating

Hyperpigmentation

Overproduction of pigment

Hypertrophy

Irregular growth of the skin

Hypopigmentation

Lack of pigment

Impetigo

Contagious skin infection characterized by weeping lesions, usually caused by staph bacteria

Intrinsic factors

Factors of aging over which there is little control

Irritant contact dermatitis

Dermatitis caused by irritating substances

Keloid

Thick scar

Keratoma

Acquired thickened patches of epidermis, a callus

Lentigo/lentigines

Freckles

Lesions

Marks on the skin that could indicate injury or damage

Leukoderma

Light or white patches caused by injury, inflammation, or congenital disease

Macule

Flat spot of skin discoloration like a freckle or age spot

Malignant melanoma

Most serious form of skin cancer, characterized by black or dark brown, uneven or raised patches

Melasma

Hyperpigmentation characterized by bilateral patches on the face due to hormonal imbalances

Milia

Harmless keratin-filled cysts just under epidermis

Miliaria rubra

Acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands characterized by the eruption of small red vesicles accompanied by burning and itching

Mole

Small, raised spot ranging in color

Nevus

Birth mark, irregular pigmentation or dilated capillaries

Nodule

Solid bump on the skin larger than 0.4” that can be easily felt

Noncomedogenic

Product that doesn’t clog the follicles

Papule

Small skin elevation containing no fluid

Primary lesions

Different color from the skin and raised above the skin surface

Psoriasis

Disease characterized by red, scaly patches, often on the scalp, chest, and joints

Pustule

Raised, inflamed papule with white or yellow center containing pus

Retention hyperkeratosis

Hereditary condition causing acne prone skin to have more severe acne due to dead skin clogging the pores and follicles

Rosacea

Chronic condition causing flushing, telangiectasia, and sometimes the formation of pustules

Scale

Thin, dry or oily patch of epidermal flakes, such as dandruff

Sebaceous cyst

Large, protruding lesion filled with sebum, often on scalp and back

Seborrheic dermatitis

Condition caused by inflammation of sebaceous glands. Characterized by redness, scaling, crusting, dandruff, and/or itchiness

Secondary skin lesions

Accumulation of material on the skin surface such as crust or scab, or depressions on the skin surface such as an ulcer

Sensitization

Allergic reaction caused by repeated exposure

Skin tag

Small outgrowth of skin, like a mole

Squamous cell carcinoma

Medium serious cancer characterized by scaly red nodules

Stain

Red or brown discoloration in a round or irregular shape

Tan

Change in pigmentation caused by sun exposure

Telangiectasia

Condition involving visible capillaries often found on the face

Tubercle

Closed sac containing pus, semifluid, or morbid matter above or below the skin that can’t be drained

Tumor

An irregular mass varying in size, shape, and color

Ulcer

Open lesion accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth, possibly including weeping fluids or pus

Verruca

Also known as a wart, hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis caused by a virus

Vesicle

Small blister or sac containing clear fluid within or just under the epidermis

Vitiligo

Hereditary condition causing the gradual loss of pigmentation in splotches

Wheal

Itchy, swollen lesion caused by an injury or allergy (like a mosquito bite)

Free point

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