Anatomical directions, planes, organ systems, abdominopelvic regions

superior/inferior and cranial/caudal

above/below

posterior/anterior and dorsal/ventral

behind /front

deep/superficial

away surface/close surface

lateral/medial

side/middle

distal/proximal

away/close to attachment

supine

on back

prone

on stomach

cavitiy

space closed to outside

two cavities of axial

dorsal/ventral

two parts of dorsal cavity

cranial, spinal

cranial has what organs?

brain in skull

spinal has what organs?

spinal cord in vertebral column

ventral cavity two cavities

thoracic, abdominopelvic

thoracic cavity parts

pleural cavity, mediastinum, pericardial

what structures is the thoracic cavity surrounded by

ribs, muscles, diaphragm

there is a right and left pleural cavity(T/F)

true

pericardial cavity structures

heart, trachea, esophagus, major blood vessels

what structure separates the two ventral cavities

diaphragm

what type of organs are in the abdominal cavity?

digestive, spleen

what type of organs are in the pelvic cavity

bladder, urinary

what is the largest cavity of the body

abdominopelvic

right hypochondriac region organs

gallbladder, liver

right iliac region organs

cecum, appendix

4 quadrants of abdominopelvic

LUQ,LLQ,RUQ,RLQ

right lumbar region organs

ascending colon

umbilical region organs

small intestine, transverse colon

epigastric region organs

stomach

hypogastric organs

bladder

left hypochondriac region organs

diaphragm, spleen

left lumbar region organs

descending colon

left iliac region organs

sigmoid colon

6 organizational levels

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism

integumentary system organs

hair,skin,nails

integumentary system function

encloses body, sensory receptor site

skeletal system organs

bones, joints, cartilage

skeletal system function

support, movement, create blood cells

muscular system organs

skeletal muscle, tendons

muscular system function

movement, maintain temperature

nervous system organs

brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves

nervous system function

detect/process sensory info, activate bodily responses

endocrine system organs

adrenal glands, pituitary gland, pancreas, testes, thyroid, ovaries

endocrine system function

secrete hormones, regulate body processes

cardiovascular system organs

blood vessels, heart

cardiovascular system function

deliver oxygen and nutrients, equalize temperature

lymphatic system organs

spleen, lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, thymus

lymphatic system function

return fluid to blood, defend against pathogens

reparatory system organs

lungs, nasal passage, trachea

respiratory system function

remove carbon dioxide, deliver oxygen

digestive system organs

stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder

urinary system organs

kidneys, urinary bladder

digestive system function

process food, remove waste

urinary system function

control water balance, remove waste

male reproductive system organs

epididymis, testes

female reproductive system organs

mammary glands, ovaries, uterus

male reproductive system function

produce sex hormones and gametes, deliver gametes

female reproductive system function

produce sex hormones and gametes, support embryo/fetus till birth, produce milk

what is the most common feedback loop

negative

homeostatic control mechanisms process

variable, stimulus, receptor, input, control center, output, effector

what two systems control homeostasis

nervous, endocrine

physiology

study of function

anatomy

study of structures of the body and relationships

two types of anatomy

gross, microscopic

gross anatomy

visible to naked eye

3 types gross anatomy

surface, regional, systemic

microscopic anatomy

cannot be seen with eye

cytology vs histology

study of cell and tissue

Midsaggital

Divides body directly through middle

Oblique plane

Diagonal sectioning