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How do you test strength
manual muscle testing and dynamometry
how do you test ROM
goniometry and muscle length tests
what is AROM
patient moves their limb using their own muscles
what is AAROM
patient has help to move their limbWh
what is PROM
patient does not participate AT ALL in moving their limb
what is RROM
patient performs AROM with resistance
Patient lifts leg into hip flexion (AROM, AAROM, PROM, RROM?)
AROM
The patient uses a dowel to perform shoulder flexion with both arms (AROM, AAROM, PROM, RROM?)
AAROM
The therapist moves the patient’s knee into flexion (AROM, AAROM, PROM, RROM?)
PROM
what is an end feel?
sensation transmitted to the therapist’s hand at the extreme end of the PROM that indicates the structures that limit the joint movement
what are the 5 types of end feels?
hard, firm, soft, boggy, emtpy
is a hard end feel normal or abnormal?
both
is a firm end feel normal or abnormal?
both
is a soft end feel normal or abnormal?
both
is a boggy end feel normal or abnormal?
abnormal
is a empty end feel normal or abnormal?
abnormal
resistance applied by PT, graded on scale of 0/5 - 5/5
manual muscle testing
device used to resist a patient’s motion, numerical value attained (ft-lbs or N)
dynamometry
device used to measure joint angles
goniometer
grading of muscle strength is based on 3 factors, what are the 3 factors?
evidence of contraction, gravity as resistance, amount of manual resistance applied
what is the make test?
resistance must not “break” the muscle contraction so that the patient cannot hold the posistion
what is the break test?
resistance gradually decreases the resistance as the limb segment is felt to fall towards the muscle’s outer range
What is a grade 5 MMT?
full available ROM against gravity and against maximal resistance
What is a grade 4 MMT?
full available ROM against gravity and against moderate resistance
What is a grade 4- MMT?
greater than one half the available ROM against gravity and against moderate resistance
What is a grade 3+ MMT?
(through range) less than one half the available ROM against gravity and against moderate resistance
(isometrically) the full available ROM against gravity and against minimal resistance
What is a grade 3 MMT?
the full available ROM against gravity
What is a grade 3- MMT?
greater than one half the available ROM against gravity
What is a grade 2+ MMT?
less than one half the available ROM against gravity
What is a grade 2 MMT?
the full available ROM gravity eliminated
What is a grade 2- MMT?
less than the full available ROM gravity eliminated
What is a grade 1 MMT?
none of the available ROM gravity eliminated and there is a palpable or observable flicker of a muscle contraction
What is a grade 0 MMT?
none of the available ROM gravity eliminated and there is no palpable or observable muscle contraction
When applying resistance, best practice is to…
never cross another joint