CFS exam 4

chapters 14, 15, 17, & 18

For most new parents, the arrival of a new baby

• typically causes significant marital strain.

• leads to high rates of anxiety and depression in both men and women.

• does not cause significant marital strain.

• leads to a sharp increase in marital satisfaction.

does not cause significant marital strain.

An important feature of good communication in a romantic relationship is

• passionate love.

• constructive criticism.

• constructive conflict resolution.

• quiet reflection.

constructive conflict resolution.

Mr. and Mrs. McPhillips work together as a coparenting team. This will likely result in

• favorable child development.

• a decline in marital satisfaction.

• a transition to more traditional gender roles.

• confusion among their children over which parent is in charg

favorable child development.

Sal and Sadie have been married for 40 years. When asked to compare their current relationship to when they were newlyweds, they are most likely to say that

• Their marriage has more passionate love now than earlier.

• they love each other more now than they did earlier.

• their marriage has more conflict now than it did earlier.

• they have become more like intimate friends than romantic partners.

they love each other more now than they did earlier.

Which of the following is true about loneliness?

• Loneliness peaks during middle adulthood, then declines into the early part of late adulthood.

• Women not involved in a romantic relationship feel lonelier than men because they have fewer alternatives.

• Single, married, or cohabiting adults are lonelier than their separated, widowed, or divorced counterparts.

• Loneliness rises during early adulthood because young adults expect more from their intimate ties.

Loneliness rises during early adulthood because young adults expect more from their intimate ties.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about risk and resilience in emerging adulthood?

• Emerging adults are susceptible to many risks due to their poor decision making and uncertainty about the future.

• Feelings of loneliness are higher during the emerging adulthood years than at any other time in life.

• College students who feel securely attached to their parents tend to have difficulty adjusting to living on campus.

• Emerging adults with information-gathering cognitive styles tend to be the least resilient.

Feelings of loneliness are higher during the emerging adulthood years than at any other time in life.

Childlessness interferes with adjustment and life satisfaction

• about 80 percent of the time.

• only when it is beyond a person's control.

• among the highly educated.

• in women but not men.

only when it is beyond a person's control.

Laurie just started a new job in her chosen field. She wants to select a helpful mentor. Which person would probably be her best choice?

• a top executive in the company

• another young graduate just starting his career

• a male supervisor

• a member of her professional association

a member of her professional association

Janet, an emerging adult, believes in her ability to succeed. She is determined to overcome obstacles and takes personal responsibility for both positive and negative outcomes. Janet has a well-developed

• life structure.

• sense of personal agency.

• sense of enlightenment.

• superego.

sense of personal agency.

Sarah is socially anxious and has an avoidant attachment history. Which of the following is probably true?

• She is sometimes lonely, but the feeling is not intense.

• She has periods of intense loneliness.

• She is rarely lonely.

• She develops intimacy quickly.

She has periods of intense loneliness.

Middle-aged adults tend to be rational decision makers because they

• use practical problem-solving strategies.

• make decisions based on emotion.

• select attractive-looking options.

• consult with other people.

use practical problem-solving strategies.

The ideal of a(n) __________ woman may be at the heart of the double standard of aging.

passive and submissive

young and sexually attractive

decisive but dependent

assertive and competent

young and sexually attractive

A cell's normal genetic programming has been disrupted in Lois's body, causing uncontrolled growth and crowding out of normal cells. Lois has

• cancer.

• cardiovascular disease.

• osteoporosis.

• atherosclerosis.

cancer.

Frank has intense, crushing pain in his chest. The doctors inform his that his heart is oxygen deprived. Frank has

• arterial thrombosis.

• atherosclerosis.

• arrhythmia.

• angina pectoris.

angina pectoris.

Low-income returning students often need sessions in

• selecting a major.

• confidence building and assertiveness.

• adjusting to new learning styles.

• interpersonal relations.

confidence building and assertiveness.

Donna, who has engaged in little exercise in the past decade, wants to offset both the excess weight and muscle loss of middle adulthood. She should engage in

• weight-bearing exercise that includes resistance training.

• endurance training that focuses on raising heart rate.

• an individual exercise program instead of a group program.

• intense, vigorous activity at the onset of her exercise program.

weight-bearing exercise that includes resistance training.

Because men account for over 70 percent of cases of cardiovascular disease in middle adulthood,

• women do not need to be concerned about the risk.

• doctors are far less likely to suspect heart problems in women.

• treatment outcomes tend to be worse for men than women.

• men are less likely to be offered invasive treatments than women.

doctors are far less likely to suspect heart problems in women.

Merrill has a buildup of plaque in his coronary arteries that encircle his heart and provide its muscles with oxygen and nutrients. Merrill has

• arrhythmia.

• angina pectoris.

• arterial thrombosis.

• atherosclerosis.

atherosclerosis

Charlie has frequent angry outbursts. He is rude, disagreeable, critical, and condescending. Charlie exhibits

• expressed hostility.

• suppressed anger.

• passive-aggressiveness.

• a socially dominant style.

expressed hostility.

Hormone replacement therapy

• causes a slight decrease in heart attacks and blood clots.

• offers some protection against bone deterioration and colon cancer.

• reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease by 40 percent.

• offers some protection against breast cancer and stroke if taken for more than four years.

offers some protection against bone deterioration and colon cancer.

Which of the following is true about osteoarthritis?

• Almost all older adults show some sign of the condition on X-rays.

• It involves inflammation of connective tissue in the entire body.

• Worldwide, about 2 percent of older adults have the condition.

• It often results in a serious loss of mobility and can affect the heart and lungs.

Almost all older adults show some sign of the condition on X-rays.

Which of the following is an example of an event-based memory task?

• taking medicine when an alarm goes off

• taking medicine every 4-6 hours

• remembering to set the alarm at night

• remembering a special event from the past, like high school graduation

taking medicine when an alarm goes off

Yuki's reduced sensitivity to sweet, salty, sour, and bitter flavors was evident by age 60, but __________ can help make her food more attractive.

• socializing at mealtimes

• artistic arrangements

• trying new recipes

• flavor additives

flavor additives

Hank, a robust 102-year-old, has just completed a personality test. If he is a typical robust centenarian, Hank will probably score highly on which trait?

• sense of humor

• wariness to experience

• dependence

• toughmindedness

toughmindedness

How do men and women compare in their physical health after age 85?

• Women have fewer health problems overall.

• Men have more non-life-threatening disabling conditions.

• Women are better able to remain independent and engage in society.

• Men are less likely to be impaired because only the sturdiest men have survived.

Men are less likely to be impaired because only the sturdiest men have survived.

For most of late adulthood, cognitive declines are

• swift.

• extensive.

• gradual.

• rare.

gradual.

Which of the following is true about sporadic Alzheimer's disease?

• The abnormal ApoE4 gene is the most commonly known risk factor for it.

• It progresses more rapidly than the familial type.

• Genes on chromosomes 1, 14, and 21 are linked to it.

• Heredity plays no role in this form of the disease.

The abnormal ApoE4 gene is the most commonly known risk factor for it.

In the year before Mr. Dubey died, his family noticed that he had become less active and more withdrawn. This type of cognitive deterioration prior to death is known as

• increased morbidity.

• cognitive mortality.

• dementia.

• terminal decline.

terminal decline.

The _______ lobes of the brain show greater shrinkage during aging.

• frontal

• occipital

• temporal

• parietal

frontal

Which of the following is true about the risk of dietary deficiencies in the elder population?

• Elders should reduce their caloric intake significantly in their later years, as their bodies require less energy and nutrients.

• Declines in taste and smell often reduce the quantity and quality of food eaten.

• As long as elders take appropriate vitamin supplements, they should remain physically and cognitively healthy.

• The aging digestive system absorbs protein and calcium more quickly and efficiently.

Declines in taste and smell often reduce the quantity and quality of food eaten.

In order for social support to foster well-being,

• friends and family must provide informal rather than formal support.

• friends and family should follow the dependency-support script.

• elders need to assume personal control of it.

• elders need to request it, rather than having it offered.

elders need to assume personal control of it.

Optimal aging is facilitated by

• a focus on accomplishments and production.

• societal contexts that permit elders to manage life changes effectively.

• specific achievements and physical characteristics.

• a decreased emphasis on lifelong learning for workers.

societal contexts that permit elders to manage life changes effectively.

Self-employed elders

• retire earlier than white-collar workers.

• experience a lack of flexibility in their jobs.

• rarely have compelling leisure interests.

• to stay with their jobs longer.

to stay with their jobs longer.

_____ percent of older adults in the United States relocate to other communities.

• One

• Five

• Fifteen

• Twenty-five

Five

Elders' housing preferences reflect a strong desire for

• moving near children.

• relocation.

• living in a temperate climate.

• aging in place.

aging in place.

Lyle and Nora are in their seventies. They own their own home. If they are typical of Western elders in their relationship with their adult children, they will probably

• accept emotional support and a high level of practical assistance from their children.

• seek their children's assistance for daily living activities, but be hesitant to ask for it when there is a pressing need.

• give more than they receive, in financial support and in practical assistance.

• accept emotional and financial support from their children.

give more than they receive, in financial support and in practical assistance.

According to ___________ theory, social interaction extends lifelong selection processes. Physical and psychological aspects of aging lead to changes in the functions of social interaction.

• disengagement

• activity

• continuity

• socioemotional selectivity

socioemotional selectivity

Mr. Martin reached the last years of his life feeling whole, complete, and satisfied with his achievements. He realized that the paths he followed, abandoned, and never selected were necessary for fashioning a meaningful life course. Mr. Martin has achieved

• a sense of integrity.

• finality.

• tolerance.

• a sense of disengagement.

a sense of integrity.

Many U.S. retirees experience a(n)

• decline in living standards.

• decline in physical health.

• decline in mental health.

• increase in living standards.

decline in living standards.

For most contemporary elders, retirement

• inevitably leads to adjustment problems.

• is a time of opportunity and personal growth.

• leads to physical health problems.

• changes their perceived quality of life.

is a time of opportunity and personal growth.