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states of matter

solid, liquid , gases

arrangement of a solid

tightly packed in a fixed regular pattern

arrangement of a liquid

close together but can move and slide past each other

arrangement of a gas

far apart and move rapidly in all directions

melting

solid to a liquid

freezing

liquid to a solid

evaporating

liquid to a gas

condensing

gas to a liquid

sublimation

solid directly to a gas for example carbon dioxide

filtration

separates insoluble solids from liquids

distillation

separates liquids based on boiling points

chromatography

separates substances like dyes, by their solubility in a solvent

three subatomic particles

protons neutrons and electrons

protons

mass of 1, charge of +1 in the nucleus

neutrons

mass of 1 charge of 0 in the nucleus

electrons

mass of 1/1836, charge of -1 in the electron shells

atomic number

number of protons

mass number

protons and neutrons

where is the mass number on the periodic table

always ontop and is the biggest number

where is the atomic number on the periodic table

always at the bottom

groups

columns

what do groups tell you on the periodic table

the group tells you the number of electrons in the outer shell

periods

rows

what do periods tell you in the periodic table

tells you the number of shells

metals

left side

non metals

right side