Electricity, Magnetism and Electromagnetism Lecture

Vocabulary flashcards covering fundamental terms and definitions related to electricity, magnetism, and electromagnetism as presented in the lecture notes.

Electrostatics

The study of stationary electric charges.

Opposite charges attract and like charges repel

The two laws of electrostatics

contact, friction, or induction.

Electrification is created by

Electrodynamics

The study of electric charges in motion; electricity.

Ohm’s Law

V = IR, relating voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit.

Voltage (V)

measured in volts.

Current (I)

measured in amperes (amps).

Resistance (R)

measured in ohms (Ω).

Conductor insulator semiconductor (resistor)

The three basic ways to control the flow of electricity

Conductor

allows free flow of electrons.

Insulator

Stops the flow of electrons

Semiconductor

sometimes behaves as a conductor and sometimes as an insulator.

Superconductor

Material that allows electrons to flow with zero resistance, defying Ohm’s Law.

Series Circuit

Circuit in which all elements are connected in a line on the same conductor; current is constant.

Parallel Circuit

Circuit in which elements are connected to separate To a different conductor; voltage is constant.

Watt (W)

Unit of electrical power is measured in

Direct current or an alternating current

Electrical power can be produced as

Direct Current (DC)

Electric current that flows in one direction, represented as a straight line.

Alternating Current (AC)

Electric current that periodically reverses direction, represented as a sine wave.

Magnetism

Physical phenomenon produced by moving electric charges, causing attractive and repulsive forces.

Natural, artificial, permanent, and electromagnets

Three principle types of magnets

The bands of magnetic flux

The magnetic field is called

travel South to North inside a magnet and North to South outside.

The magnetic flux travels from

Attract

Opposite pole

Repels

Like pole

Nonmagnetic, Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic, ferromagnetic

What are the four magnetic states of matter?

Nonmagnetic

wood, glass) unaffected by a magnetic field.

Diamagnetic

water, plastic) weakly repelled by a magnetic field.

Paramagnetic

gadolinium) weakly attracted by a magnetic field.

Ferromagnetic

iron, nickel, cobalt) strongly magnetized by a magnetic field.

Tesla (T)

SI unit of magnetic field strength.

Electromagnetism

Using electricity to create a magnetic field typically using a solenoid with an iron core.

Electromagnetic Induction

Electric current is induced into a circuit if part of that circuit is within a changing magnetic field

Magnetic field strength, velocity of magnetic field angle of the conductor and numbers of turn (loops)

What are the four factors that are a part of Faraday’s Law Of Electromagnetism

Induction motors, transformers, magnetic locks, generators

What type of devices electromagnets

Transformer

Used to change potential differences (voltage)

Step up, step down, auto transformer

Three basic types of transformers

Voltage and current

Inversely proportional on the same circuit are

Air, core, open core, closed, core, shell

Four basic ways to construct a transformer