Periodic Table, Polyatomic/Monatomic Ions, Charges (CHEM 003A)

Charge of Group 1A elements? MOSTLY ALKALI METALS

+1, gain one electron

Charge of Group 2A elements? ALKALINE EARTH METALS

+2, gain two electrons

Charge of Group 3B elements? TRANSITION METALS, Actinides & Lanthanides

+3, gains 3 electrons

Charge of Group 4B elements? TRANS METALS

+4, gain four electrons

Charge of Group 5B elements? TRANS METALS

+5, gain five electrons

Charge of Group 6B elements? TRANS METALS

Typically +6, but variable charges

Charge of Group 7B elements? TRANS METALS

Variable charges

Charge of Group 8 elements? TRANS METALS

Variable charges

Charge of Group 1B elements? TRANS METALS

Variable charge

Charge of Group 2B elements? TRANS METALS

Variable charges

Charge of Group 3A elements? MOSTLY BASIC METALS (Boron = first metalloid)

Mostly +3 EXCEPT: Thallium (+3, +1), Nihonium

Charge of Group 4A elements? METALLOIDS, NONMETALS, BASIC METALS (Metalloids: Silicon, Germanium)

Variable charges (Most have -4)

Charge of Group 5A elements? BASIC METALS, NONMETALS, METALLOIDS (Arsenic, Antimony)

Variable charge, but all at least +3 and most -3

Charge of 6A elements? BASIC METALS, NONMETALS, METALLOIDS (Tellurium, Polonium)

All at least -2, but variable charge

Charge of 7A elements? HALOGENS

Variable charge, but all at least -1

Charge of 8A elements? NOBLE GASES

Variable charges, but all have 0 (nonreactive)

Fe charges?

+2, +3, +6

Mn charges?

+2, +4, +7

Co charges?

+2, +3

Ni charge?

+2

Cu charge?

+2

Ag charge?

+1

Zn charge?

+2

Au charge?

+3

Boron (B) charges?

+3

C charges?

+4, +3, +2, +1, -1, -2, -3, -4

N charges?

-3, +3, +5

Ammonium ion chemical formula

NH₄⁺

Hydronium polyatomic ion formula

H₃O⁺

Peroxide ion formula

O₂^2-

Hydroxide ion formula

OH^-

Acetate ion formula

CH₃COO^-

Cyanide ion formula

CN^-

Azide ion formula

N₃^-

Carbonate ion formula

CO₃^2-

Bicarbonate ion formula

HCO₃^-

Nitrate ion formula

NO₃^-

Nitrite ion formula

NO₂^-

Sulfate ion formula

SO₄^2-

Hydrogen sulfate ion formula

HSO₄^-

Sulfite ion formula

SO₃^2-

Hydrogen sulfite ion formula

HSO₃^-

Phosphate ion formula

PO₄^3-

Hydrogen phosphate ion formula

HPO₄^2-

Dihydrogen phosphate ion formula

H₂PO₄^-

Perchlorate ion formula

ClO₄^-

Chlorate ion formula

ClO₃^-

Chlorite ion formula

ClO₂^-

Hypochlorite ion formula

ClO^-

Chromate ion formula

CrO₄^2-

Dichromate ion formula

Cr₂O₇^2-

Permanganate ion formula

MnO₄^-

Al charge?

3+

Name all of the metalloids in the periodic table.

• Boron (B)

• Silicon (Si)

• Germanium (Ge)

• Arsenic (As)

• Antimony (Sb)

• Tellurium (Te)

• Polonium (Po)

• Astatine (At)

MgSO₄

Magnesium sulfate

Ammonium carbonate

(NH₄)₂CO₃

Fe(NO₂)₂

Iron (II) nitrite

Mercury (I) chloride

Hg₂Cl₂

NH₄Cl

Ammonium chloride

Potassium permanganate

KMnO₄

NaClO₃

Sodium chlorate

Ca charge?

+2 (Alkaline earth element)

Br charge?

-1, +1, +3, +5

Mercury (I) ion formula

Hg₂²⁺

Oxalate ion formula

C₂O₄^2-

Thiocyanate ion formula

SCN^-

Thiosulfate ion formula

S₂O₃^2-