reduction oxidation reactions

what are oxidization numbers?

the charge that an atom in a molecule would develop if the most electronegative atoms in the molecule took the shared electrons from the less electronegative atoms.

the sum of all oxidation numbers in a molecule must equal what?

the charge of that molecule

what is the first rule for calculating oxidization number?

when a substance only has 1 type of atom in it (f2, 03, ca2+, or Mg for example) the oxidization number for that atom is equal to the charge of the substance divided by the number of atoms present .

what is the second rule for calculating oxidization number?

group 1a metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Fr) always have an oxidation numbers of +1 in molecules that contain more than one type of atom.

what is the third rule for calculating oxidization number?

group 2a metals (be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra) always have oxidation numbers of 2+ in molecules that contain more than 1 type of atom.

what is the 4th rule for calculating oxidization number?

flourine always has a -1 oxidation number in molecules that contain more than 1 type of atom.

what is the 5th rule for calculating oxidization number?

when grouped with 1 other atom that happens to be a metal, H has an oxidization number of -1, in ALL OTHER cases in which it is grouped with another atom, H had an oxidization number of +1.

what is the 6th rule for calculating oxidization numbers?

oxygen has an oxidization number of -2 in molecules that contain more than 1 type of atom.

what is the 7th rule for calculating oxidization number?

if all else fails, assume that one’s atom oxidization number is the same as what it would take on in an ionic compound. the atoms that are most likely to follow this rule are in groups 3a, 6a, and 7a.

what is oxidization?

the process by which an atom looses electrons.

what is reduction

the process by which an atom gains electrons.

\what is a redox reaction?

A redox reaction is a chemical process in which there is a transfer of electrons from one substance to another. This transfer involves the oxidation of one substance and the reduction of another.

when a redox reaction occurs there will always be at least one atom that is oxidized and at least one that is reduced true or false?

true

what does a salt bridge do?

is contains an aqueous ionic compound and balances the charges

what is anode?

negative side

what do anodes produce?

anions

what is cathode?

positive side

what do cathodes produce?

cations

Galvanic cell is written by who and what is it?

luigi galvani and its your average “battery”

what are the metal strips (zink, copper) called?

electrodes

what battery is in automobiles?

lead-acid batteries?

what is dangerous about automibile batteries?

they use sulfuric acid which can eat away at clothes and skin

what is a dry cell?

battery with no aquaus solution

what is an AA battery?

dry, alkaline cell.

what is an alkaline?

uses a base for salt bridge